Halogen silicon—phosphorus bonds

B. By oxidation Carbon-Phosphorus Bond Carbon-Silicon Bond Carbon-Halogen Bond Oxygen-Oxygen Bond Sulfur-Sulfur Bond... 

This chapter deals with the formation of new C—C bonds by alkylation of sp -hybridized carbanions stabilized by a range of heteroatoms, including oxygen, boron, silicon, phosphorus and the halogens. The properties of the same carbanions with additional stabilization provided by an adjacent double bond are also discussed. 

Carbon-silicon bonds can be formed by treating the lithio intermediate with halogen-containing silanes (Reaction 22) (28). Carbon-phosphorus bonds can be prepared similarly (Reaction 23) (29). 

Organic compounds Substances whose molecules contain one or more carbon atoms covalently bonded with another element (including hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, the halogens as well as phosphorus, silicon and sulfur). 

Often, most atoms are bonded to a single atom. This atom is called the central atom. Hydrogen and the halogens are very rarely, if ever, centr2d atoms. Carbon, silicon, nitrogen, phosphorus, oxygen, and sulfur are always good candidates, because they form more than one covalent... 

The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom is termed its COVALENCY. The covalency of an atom is equal to the number of electrons the atom needs to become isoelectronic with a noble gas. Some of the more common elements have the following covalencies when they follow the octet rule and also have no charge hydrogen and the halogens, 1 oxygen and sulfur, 2 nitrogen and phosphorus, 3 carbon and silicon, 4. LEWIS ELECTRONIC FORMULAS, in which bonds and unshared electrons are shown, are given for a few typical compounds of these elements ... 

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