Halogen-containing analogs

Flame retardants—Whereas halogen-containing Mannich bases arc mainly used as modifiers of macromolccular materials, as mentioned before, phosphorus derivatives arc employed as additives. These products arc obtained from phosphorous acid or phosphites 584 " and from other analogous phosphorus-containing compounds. N-Heterocyclcs, after reaction with melamine and formaldehyde (585), are also used as (lame retardants. -... 

As a result of photochemical destruction, the halogen-containing polymers split off low-molecular-weight products having analogous composition to those isolated during thermal-oxidative destruction. For example, as polyvinyl chloride breaks down, the release of hydrogen chloride is observed. 

Halogen atoms, similarly to hydrogen, tend to interact with atoms which possess lone electron pairs. This effect, called halogen bond by analogy with H-bond, is believed to play important role in self-assembly of halogen-containing compounds [174]. 

This study was followed by a series of papers that examined the effect of the distance between the pendant fluorine [96], chlorine [97], or bromine [98] atoms. Later, a series of ethylene/vinyl halide polymers containing fluorine, chlorine, and bromine were created via ADMET copolymerization of a halogen-containing (x,K)-diene and 1,9-decadiene [99]. Thermal analysis of these statistically random copolymers showed a distinct difference between their crystallization behavior and that of their compositionally matched precise analogs. The sharp melting... 

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