Halogen compounds, organic examples

The reactivity of the metal fluoride appears to be associated with the oxidation potential of the metal. For example, AgF replaces halogen in organic compounds, whereas Agp2 replaces hydrogen. 

Studying the electrochemical reduction of halogenated organic compounds has practical importance, especially related to organic syntheses [62], Moreover, the reductive cleavage of the C-X bond is applicable as a method to convert hazardous chlorinated compound for example, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) to biphenyl by reducing in DMF at -2.8 V vs SCE [63],... 

Figure 14.4 Selection of environmentally relevant redox couples including organic pollutants such as nitroaromatic and halogenated compounds, as well as examples of electron transfer mediators and important bulk reductants. The values given represent reduction potentials at pH 7 at equal (except otherwise indicated) concentrations of the redox partners but at environmental con-centrations of the major anions involved ...

Some preliminary examples of hydrolysis reactions illustrate the very wide range of reactivity of organic compounds. For example, triesters of phosphoric acid hydrolyze in nearneutral solution at ambient temperatures with half-lives ranging from several days to several years (Wolfe, 1980), whereas the halogenated alkanes pentachloroethane, carbon tetrachloride, and hexachloroethane have "environmental" (pH = 7 25°C) half-lives of about 2 hr, 50 yr, and 1000 millennia, respectively (Mabey and Mill, 1978 Jeffers et al., 1989). On the other hand, pure hydrocarbons from methane through the PAHs are not hydrolyzed under any circumstances that are environmentally relevant. 

Sodium has been widely used in the synthesis of various organo-metals and organo-metalloids, by causing the halides of the elements to react with organic halogen compounds. The following are examples of this type of reaction ... 

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