Half-cone angle

FIGURE 5.20 (See color insert following page 280.) Temperature influence for fluorescence anisotropy measurements on C22-modified sihca. (a) Decay cnrves for DPH at different temperatures, (b) schematic of wobble motion of DPH and resulting finorescence lifetimes (xp) and half-cone angles ). (Reprodnced from Pursch, M., et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 121, 3201, 1999. With permission.)... 

Figure 19 (a) Distribution of the transition moments on a double cone with a halfopening angle a. (h) Polarization direction observed, when a single crystal is examined hy means of a polarizer, (c) Relative intensity of the observed fluorescence as a function of the observation angle e with respect to the crystal c axis, for different half-cone angles a. 

In the case of Ox + in zeolite L, a half-cone angle a of 72° was obtained from quantitative measurements on single crystals [15]. The orientation of the transition moments with respect to the zeolite channels can be determined directly... 

Vasic and deMan (1968) defined hardness (H) as the ratio of load to the area of the impression made by the penetrometer. This parameter was explained as the cone will sink into the fat until the stress exerted by the increasing contact surface of the cone is balanced by the hardness of the fat (deMan, 1983). Vasic and deMan (1968) defined fat hardness in a similar way to the Brinell hardness used in metallurgy (Tabor, 1948). The relationship between the applied force load (P), hardness (H), half cone angle (e), radius of the flat tip of the cone (r), penetration impression area (yl jmp) and depth id) for the cone in Figure 7.6 is given by Equation 2 (Vasic and deMan, 1968) ... 

Figure 4 Generation of a ligand profile for a PR3 ligand. As the ligand rotates about the M-P bond, (j), the half cone angle varies (shown on left). The plot of half cone angle versus (j) is the ligand profile (shown on right).

Equation 14.112 overpredicts the experimental data of Nandapurkar and Beatty [124] for ethanol, methanol, and R-113 by about 25 percent. Sparrow and Gregg [125] subsequently included the effect of induced vapor drag in their analysis and found that this effect was negligible. Sparrow and Hartnett [126] conducted a similar analysis for condensation on the outside of a rotating cone of half-cone angle p and found that... 

The AFM tips, used in experiments, are conical and 2 pm long, they have a half-cone angle of 10° and the tip-end radius is approximately 10 nm. The cantilever elastic constant is 0.1 N/m. A hot stage is mounted between the AFM s piezoelectric scanner and the glass plate, allowing to control the sample temperature from room temperature up to 100°C with a precision of 0.1°C. 

An estimation of the magnitude of the capillary force can be done in the case of a conic tip with a half cone angle a. In the first approximation, assuming that the tip penetrates the LC film without changing its thickness, one can calculate the deflection Az of the cantilever as a function of the piezoelectric scanner movement Zg-. 

Determination of the GNE geometry requires experimental measurement of at least three of the four geometrical parameters shown in Figure 6.3.11.5 the pore depth (d), orifice radius (a), microdisk radius at the pore base ( p), and the pore half-cone angle (0). 

A geometry that is somewhat similar to a recessed ME is that of the nanopore electrode (Fig. 15.12). This electrode geometry is characterized by the small pore orifice, whose radius, a, can be varied between 5 nm and 1 pm the pore depth, d and the half-cone angle (f). An approximate analytical expression for the steady-state limiting current is given by equation T216 in Table 15.2. ... 

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