Gymnastatin

Numata A, Amagata T, Minoura K, Ito T (1997) Gymnastatins, Novel Cytotoxic Metabolites Produced by a Fungal Strain from a Sponge. Tetrahedron Lett 38 5675... 

Amagata T, Doi M, Ohta T, Minoura K, Numata A (1998) Absolute Stereostructures of Novel Cytotoxic Metabolites, Gymnastatins A-E, from a Gymnascella Species Separated from a Halichondria Sponge. J Chem Soc Perkin Trans 1 3585... 

Amagata T, Minoura K, Numata A (2006) Gymnastatins F-H, Cytostatic Metabolites from the Sponge-Derived Fungus Gymnascella dankaliensis. J Nat Prod 69 1384... 

Gurjar MK, Bhaket P (2000) Total Synthesis of a Novel Cytotoxic Metabolite Gymnastatin A. Heterocycles 53 143... 

Numata, A., Amagata, T., Minoura, K., and Ito, T., Gymnastatins, novel cytoxic metabolites produced by a fungal strain from a sponge, Tetrahedron Lett., 38, 5675, 1997. 

Three new chlorinated derivatives of tyrosine [gymnastatins A (12), B (13) and C (14)] were isolated as colorless powders from the mycelium of a strain of Gymnascella dankaliensis (Gymnoascaceae) from a Japanese sponge Halichondria japonica. Their stereostructure was established on the basis of spectral analysis [68]. 

Gymnastatins. Cytotoxic spirocyclic compounds produced by a strain of Gymnascella dankaliensis, which was isolated from the sponge Halichondria japonica, e.g., G. B C24HJ5CI2NO5, Mr 488.44, powder, [ajp -122° (CHClj). 

This same strain (OUPS-N134), contains also three chlorinated metabolites, gymnastatins A-C, which derive from a para-quinone and the same long-chain amide (Numata et al, 1997a). Gymnastatin A is cytotoxic to leukemia P-388 (ED5o=18pgml Y... 

The most recent compounds of this series are gymnastatins Q and R, and dankastatins A and B, some of which present significant cytotoxic activities against human cancer cell lines BSY-1 (breast) and MKN7 (stomach) (Amagata et al., 2008). 

Amagata, T, Minoura, K., and Numata, A (2006a) Gymnastatins F-H, cytostatic metabolites from the sponge-derived fungus Gymnascella dankaliensis. J. Nat. Prod., 69,1384—1388. 

Amagata, T, Tanaka, M., Yamada, T., Minoiua, K., and Nmnata, A. (2008) Gymnastatins and dankastatins, growth inhibitory metabolites of a Gymnascella species from a Halichondria sponge. /. Nat. Prod., 71, 340-345. 

Gurjar, M.K. and Bhaket, P. (2000) Total synthesis of a novel cytotoxic metabolite gymnastatin A. Heterocycles, 53,143-149. 

Murayama, K., Tanabe, T Ishikawa, Y Nakamura, K., and Nishiyama, S. (2009) A synthetic study on gymnastatins F and Q the tandem Michael and aldol reaction approach. Tetrahedron Lett., 50, 3191-3194. 

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