Guttation

Distribution of compounds in barley and wheat tissues. Tissues of barley and wheat leaves were mechanically separated under the microscope. It was observed that in barley gramine was more concentrated in the epidermis than in the entire leaf (Table II). Hydroxamic acids in wheat were absent in epidermic tissues and were more concentrated in the vascular tissues than in the entire leaf. Neither compound was detected in xylem exudates nor in guttation drops. 

Evidence was obtained recently that pesticide vapors may enter the air by still another mechanism, involving plant circulation and water loss (57). Rice plants were found to efficiently transport root-zone applied systemic carbamate insecticides via xylem flow to the leaves, eventually to the leaf surface by the processes of guttation and/or stomatal transpiration, and finally to the air by surface volatilization. Results from a model chamber showed that 4.2, 5.8, and 5.7% of the residues of carbaryl, carbofuran, and aldicarb, respectively, present in rice plants after root soaking vaporized within 10 days after treatment. The major process was evaporation of surface residues deposited by guttation fluid. 

Guttate psoriasis is more often associated with children or young adults. It is characterised by small, red spots (not as deep or large as plaque psoriasis) on the skin, usually on the trunk of the body. Its onset can be rapid and has been associated with infections, particularly of the upper respiratory tract, or as a side-effect of certain drugs, including beta-blockers. 

Guttate psoriasis has been reported after the use of MDMA (114). 

Tan B, Foley P. Guttate psoriasis following ecstasy ingestion. Australas J Dermatol 2004 45 167-9. 

Ultraviolet B light is effective in guttate psoriasis and potentiates the effects of topical agents such as calcipotriol and dithranol. A psoralen followed by ultraviolet light (PUVA) is used in severe cases (see Psoralens, p. 306). 

Cholestasis Cholestasis is often identifiable by way of laboratory findings (see chapter 13) and becomes manifest in a pericanalicular arrangement of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. The final result is the impaired intracellular secretion of bile with yellowish guttate cell occlusions as well as excretory disorders with the formation of bifiary casts. (99) (s. pp 395, 546) (s. figs. 13.2, 13.4 28.15, 28.16)... 

Infection has been identified retrospectively as a common precipitating factor in psoriasis. About 25% of patients have initial onset of the disease after clinically documented infections, and more than one half have exacerbations within 3 weeks after an upper respiratory infection. A variant known as guttate (small drop-like plaques) psoriasis is often associated with infections of group A /3-hemolytic streptococci. ... 

Anthralin, an anthrone derivative of chrysarobin, was introduced under the name dithranol in Great Britain decades ago. Chronic plaque-type and guttate psoriasis respond better than other variants to anthralin treatment. Topical anthralin, particularly with UV light, is long established as an effective approach to the treatment of psoriasis. ... 

Lewis, R.W. Guttation Fluid Effects on Growth of Claviceps purpurea in Vitro Science (1962) 690-691... 

Psoriasis New-onset psoriasis is a paradoxical adverse effect of TNF antagonists and has been described with infliximab [124 ], for example in a young woman who developed pustular psoriasis for the first time while receiving infliximab for Crohn s disease [125 ], and a 14-year-old girl with Crohn s disease who developed guttate psoriasis [126 ]. 

Skin A localized papular rash or aggravation of psoriasis in an edematous or even pustular form are the two most commonly observed complications of treatment with efalizumab [223 ]. Efalizumab can cause exacerbation of psoriasis, including pustular, erythrodermic, and guttate subtypes [225 ], and rebound can also occur after... 

Costa-Romero M, Coto-Segura P, Suarez-Saavedra S, Ramos-Polo E, Santos-Juanes J. Guttate psoriasis induced by infliximab in a child with Crohn s disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2008 14(10) 1462-3. 

Balato A, La Bella S, Gaudiello F, Balato N. Efalizumab-induced guttate psoriasis. Successful management and retreatment. J Dermatol Treat 2008 19(3) 182-4. 

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