Guanosine-5 -phosphate Guanylic acid

See guanosine phosphates guanylic acid sodium guanylate. 

Guanosine5 phosphate (GMP,Guanosine 5 -guanylic acid) 203 Guanylate cyclase 561, 657 Guanylin 548, 561... 

Which of the following compounds is different from the others (a) GMP, (b) deoxyguanosine monophosphate, (c) guanylic acid, (d) guanosine 5 -phosphate ... 

CoA, coenzyme A dephospho-CoA, 3 -dephospho-coenzyme A P-pantothenic acid, 4 -phosphopantothenic acid P-pantothenoyl-cysteine, 4 -phosphopantothenoylcysteine P-pantetheine, 4 -phos-phopantethelne ATP, adenosine 5 -triphosphate ADP, adenosine 5 -dlphosphate AMP, 5 -adenyllc acid CTP, cytidine 5 -triphosphate CMP, 5 -cytldylic acid GTP, guanosine 5 -triphosphate GMP, 5 -guanylic acid ITP, inosine 5 -triphosphate UTP, uridine 5 -tri-phosphate PPl, inorganic pyrophosphate. 

Guanosine 5 -monophosphate Guanosine 5 -monophosphoric acid Guanosine 5 -phosphate Guanosine phosphoric acid 5 -Guanylate monophosphate 5 -Guanylic acid Empirical CioHuNsOsP Properties Sol. in cold water freely sol. in hot water m.w. 363.26... 

A nucleoside in which a hydroxyl group of one of the sugar moieties is esterified with a phosphoric acid is called a nucleotide. For example, placing a phosphate at the 5 -position of adenosine and guanosine, each possessing purine base, generates nucleotides, and these are named 5 -adenylic acid (AMP) and 5 -guanylic acid (GMP), respectively, and are utilized biochemically in the formation of ribonucleic acid (RNA). 

Phosphate See 3 -Guanylic acid, G-577 5 -Phosphate See 5 -Guanylic acid, G-578 5 -Diphosphate See Guanosine 5 -dipho-sphate, G-572... 

Like all ribonucleases, pancreatic ribonuclease attacks phosphodiester linkages between the 3 and 5 positions of the RNA nucleotide moieties to yield 2, 3 -cyclic phosphate derivatives. The cyclic phosphates are then further hydrolyzed to yield the 3 -phosphate derivatives. The specificity of pancreatic ribonuclease is such that it restricts its activity to the phosphodiester bonds that involve 3, 5 -linkages between a pyrimidine and any other base. Therefore, the product of the ribonucleic acid digestion with ribonuclease contains 3 -pyrimidine mononucleotides and oligonucleotides with a 3 -cytidylic or uridylic mononucleotide. Taka-diastase (Tl) is a ribonuclease that attacks the polynucleotides to yield 3 guanosine mononucleotides and oligonucleotides with a terminal 3 -guanylic acid. 

This compound has been isolated after subjecting yeast ribonucleic acid to brief acid hydrolysis. When it is treated with alkali there is cleavage at (1), with the formation and subsequent hydrolysis of a cyclic anhydride of guanylic acid. The final products are guanosine-2 -phosphate, guanosine-3 -phosphate, and cytidine-3 -phosphate. The last two would be split by 3-nucleotidase from barley. 

The nucleotides that are constituents of nucleic acids, guanylic acid and adenylic acid, were formed from inosinic acid. Inosinic acid was oxidized by a DPN-enz3une to xanthosine 5 -phosphate, which was then ami-nated by glutamine to form guanosine 5 -phosphate. Adenylic acid was produced by the cleavage of adenylosuccinic acid which was formed by the reaction of inosinic acid with aspartic acid. 

Inosinic add is the parent substance of the two purine nucleotides adenosine 5 -phosphate adenylic add) and guanosine 5 -phosphate (guanylic add), both components of nucleic acids. It is also the parent compound of uric acid, which is the final excretion form of nitrogen in birds and in reptiles. 

RNase Tl cleaves P-05 ester bonds in ssRNA, specifically at the 3 -P of the guanylic acid residues. As in RNase A (see Fig. 3.3), the catalysis occurs by a two-step mechanism, i.e., the formation of a terminal guanosine 2, 3 -cyclic phosphate intermediate (transesterification step) and the hydrolysis of the cyclic ester to guanosine 3 -monophosphate (hydrolysis step). The transesterification step involves a general acid—base catalysis. 

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