Greenland ice core

Delmas, R. J. (1993). A natural artefact in Greenland ice-core CO2 measurements. Tellus 45B, 391-396. 

Blunier, T., Chappellaz, J. A., Schwander, J. et al. (1993). Atmospheric methane record from a Greenland ice core over the last 1000 years. Geophys. Res. Lett. 20,2219-2222. 

Fuhrer, K. and Legrand, M. (1997). Continental biogenic species in the Greenland Ice Core Project ice core Tracing back the biomass history of the North American continent. J. Geophys. Res. 102(C12), 26735-26745. 

Grootes, P. M., Stuiver, M., White, J. W. C. et al. (1993). Comparison of oxygen isotope records from the GISP2 and GRIP Greenland ice cores. Nature 366, 552-554. 

Hammer, C. U., Clausen, H. B., Dansgaard, W. et al. (1987). Dating of Greenland ice cores by flow models, isotopes, volcanic debris, and continental dust. /. Glacial. 20,3-26. 

Figure 1. Stable oxygen isotope S values (in per mil) and A l concentrations (in ng/g) as a function of depth in the Milcent, Greenland ice core. More negative S values indicate winters and less negative values indicate summers. Al concentration...

Figure 6. Concentrations of SOt2 and Cl" (in ng/g) in Milcent, Greenland ice core samples deposited following the 1783 eruption of Laki in Iceland. The acid precipitation that followed this eruption left an unmistakable glaciochemical horizon...

Fig. 9.7 Isotope records of abrupt climate change at the Younger-Dryas Preboreal transition 11,600 years BP taken from Greenland ice core data. The 8lsO, 815N2, and 840Ar isotopic records are plotted from top to bottom (Reprinted from Grachev, A. M. and Severinghaus, J. P. Quat. Sci. Rev. 24, 513 (2005), copyright 2005, with permission from Elsevier)...

Geologist Claude F. Boutron and colleagues discovers high amounts of lead in Greenland ice cores dating from Roman times, confirming widespread production and use of lead in this period. 

Savarino, J., and M. Legrand, High Northern Latitude Forest Fires and Vegetation Emissions over the Last Millenium Inferred from the Chemistry of a Central Greenland Ice Core, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 8267-8279 (1998). 

Typical ambient levels. Typical levels of CO range from 50-150 ppb in remote areas (e.g., see Parrish et al., 1991,1994 Novelli et al., 1992, 1998a, 1998b and Derwent et al., 1998) to 1000 ppb in rural-suburban areas up to 10 ppm in very polluted areas such as Mexico City (e.g., Riveros et al., 1998). It is interesting that the values that appear to be representative of clean, remote areas are about the same as those found using ice cores for the preindustrial era for example, Haan et al. (1996) report preindustrial values of about 92 ppb for a Greenland ice core and 55-60 ppb for an Antarctic ice core. 

FIGURE 14.43 (a) Sulfate and (b) nitrate (in /requiv L 1) in central Greenland ice cores from f750 to 1985 (adapted from Laj et al., f992). 

FIGURE 14-61 Calculated temperature changes over the past 100,000 years from the European Greenland Ice Core Program (GRIP) (adapted from Jouzel et al., 1997). 

Chappellaz, J., E. Brook, T. Blunier, and B. Malaize, CH4 and S O of 02 Records from Antarctic and Greenland Ice A Clue for Stratigraphic Disturbance in the Bottom Part of the Greenland Ice Core Project and the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 Ice Cores, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 26547-26557 (1997). 

Clausen, H. B., C. U. Hammer, C. S. Hvidberg, D. Dahl-Jensen, J. P. Steffensen, J. Kipfstuhl, and M. Legrand, A Comparison of the Volcanic Records over the Past 4000 Years from the Greenland Ice Core Project and Dye 3 Greenland Ice Cores, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 26707-26723 (1997). 

C. U. Hammer. P. Iversen, J. Jouzel, B. Stauffer, and J. P. Steffensen, Irregular Glacial Interstadials Recorded in a New Greenland Ice Core, Nature 1992,... 

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