GRAS food substances

Health and Safety. The FDA affirmed (R-R, R -tartaric acid as a generally-recognized-as-safe (GRAS) food substance (88). 

Direct Food Substances Affirmed as GRAS (Benspic Acid), 21 CFR184.1021, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., Apr. 1991. 

Methylparaben and propylparaben are affirmed GRAS Direct Food Substances in the USA at levels up to 0.1%. All esters except the benzyl ester are allowed for injection in Japan. In cosmetics, the EU and Brazil allow use of each paraben at 0.4%, but the total of all parabens may not exceed 0.8%. The upper limit in Japan is 1.0%. 

Propylparaben and methylparaben are affirmed GRAS direct food substances in the USA at levels up to 0.1%. All esters except the benzyl ester are allowed for injection in Japan. 

Properties Orthorhombic cryst about as sweet as sucrose freely sol. in water pract. insol. in alcohol m.w. 180.16 m.p. 158-160 C Uses Indirect food substance, consituent of cotton, cotton fabrics, paper, paperboard in contact with dry foods mfg. of vitamin C Regulatory FDA 21CFR 186.1839, GRAS Manuf./Distrib. Aldrich http //www.sigma-aldrich.com... 

Smith, R.L., P. Newbeme, T.B. Adams, R.A. Ford, J.B. HaUagan, and the FEMA Expert Panel, 1996. GRAS flavoring substances 17. Food Technol, 50(10) 72-81. 

United States Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 301) Food Additive (21 C.F.R. 170, 171, and 172) GRAS (21 C.F.R. 182, 184, and 186) Food additive. Substances Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) Food Additive GRAS... 

Food and Drug Administration (1990) Direct food substance affirmed as GRAS micro-particulated protein. Fed. Reg. 55, 6391. 

Regulatory Status. GRAS as a multiple purpose food substance ( 182.1235) also approved as a color additive exempt from certification, to be used in foods and drugs ( 73.85 and 73.1085, respectively). 

Uses Antistat for polyolefins mold release for PP, PE, TPO, TPE internal lubricant for PVC enhances melt flow in polyolefins, vinyls, styrenics, TPE, TPO color dispersant, pigment wetting agent in various polymers direct food substance Regulatory FDA 21CFR 184.1324, GRAS Properties Ivory wh. fine beads m.p. 66 C 96% monoglyceride Use Level 0.2-0.5% (as mold release), 1.0-2.0 phr (PVC lube)... 

Uses Internal lubricant, antifog aid, antlstaL flow modifier, dispersant for PVC, polyolefins, and styrenics direct food substance Features Helps maintain clarity and early color hold Regulatory FDA 21CFR 184.1505, GRAS... 

Countries that use a positive Hst, eg, Japan, Switzerland, the former Soviet Union, and the United States, Hst ak substances akowable in flavor and foods any material not Hsted is not akowable. Any material included on a positive Hst is considered safe for its intended use. This system works wek only if there is a specific procedure to akow for the addition of new materials. In the United States there is the Food Additive Petition and the GRAS route. No new material can be used in flavor or foods unless it undergoes one of these two procedures. This assures that any new technology can be added and used after it is reviewed for safety. 

Health and Safety. The U.S. FDA has affirmed R%- and S(—)-maHc acid as substances that are generally recognized as safe (GRAS) as flavor enhancers, flavoring agents and adjuvants, and as pH control agents at levels ranging from 6.9% for hard candy to 0.7% for miscellaneous food uses (42). R%- and A(—)-maHc acid may not be used in baby foods. MaHc acid is also cleared to correct natural acid deficiencies in juice or wine (43). 

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