Grafting of acrylic

Grafting of Acrylic Acid Derivatives onto Polyethylene and Polypropylene Surfaces... 

Journal of Applied Polymer Science 37,No.8,April 1989,p.2153-64 PREPARATION OF HYDROPHILIC POLYETHYLENE FOAM OF OPEN CELL TYPE BY RADIATION GRAFTING OF ACRYLIC ACID Kaji K Hatada M Yoshizawa I Kohara C Komai K JAPAN,ATOMIC ENERGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE SANWAKAKOCO. 

Athawale, V. D., Lele, V. (1998). Graft copolymerization onto starch. II. Grafting of acrylic acid and preparation of its hydrogels. Carbohydrate Polymers, 35,21-27. 

Yang and Ranby [106] carried out performance evaluation of organic ketones and aldehydes as photo-initiators for surface photo-grafting of acrylic... 

Fig. 14 Reactor used for vapour phase photo-grafting of acrylic acid onto HDPE powder...

McDowall, D. J. Gupta, B. S. Stannett, V. T. Williams, J. L.5 Zahran, A. H. "Grafting of Acrylic and Methacrylic Acid to Cellulose Materials." National Joint Pacific Conference of ACS, Honolulu, Hawaii, April 1979. 

Modified Surfaces. It is frequently desirable to change the surface of a polymer. Nonpolar surfaces of plastics are characterized by static electricity buildup, non-wetting, poor adhesion, low printability, and poor dyeing. These disadvantages can be overcome by grafting polar vinyl monomers upon the surface by irradiation. A. S. Hoffman describes radiation grafting of polyelectrolytes upon nonpolar surfaces, and A. Chapiro and co-workers discuss radiation grafting of acrylic acid and vinyl pyridene upon Teflon films. 

More recently, we became interested in grafting hydrophilic monomers into PTFE films, thereby generating permselective membranes (5). A preliminary report on the kinetics of the grafting of acrylic acid and 4-vinylpyridine was presented a year ago (1). This chapter is devoted to a detailed kinetic analysis of the reaction. 

Another peculiar feature of the grafting of acrylic acid is the break observed in the conversion curves particularly at low dose rates. The interpretation of this effect proposed above does not account for the fact that no break is observed with other monomers except at much higher grafting ratios (2, 4). These striking differences in kinetics for systems which in principle should exhibit comparable behavior are presumably related to differences in diffusion rates and polymer-polymer and polymer-monomer compatibilities. Little is known at present on the factors which govern these effects and on their influence on the kinetics. 

More specific initiators are Mn3+ ions in aqueous solution which give efficient grafting of acrylic and methacrylic monomers onto cellulose and very little homopolymer ( 2%). 

Zhao, Z-P., Li, J., Zhang, D-X., Chen, C-X., Nanofiltration membrane prepared from polyacrylonitrile ultrafiltration membrane by low-temperature plasma, I. Graft of acrylic acid in gas, J. Membr. Sci., 232, 1, 2004. 

Figure 3.7 Change in specific resistance (Qcm) of a cation exchange membrane with degree of radiation-induced grafting of acrylic acid on a poly(tetrafiuoroethy-lene-perfiuoroalkylvinyl ether) film (prepared at various temperatures). Grafting temperature (A) 25 (X) 35 ( ) 45 (O) 60 °C.

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