Gonzalez-Martin

C. M. Gonzalez-Garcia, M. L. Gonzalez-Martin, V. Gomez-Serrano, J. M. Bmque, and L. Labajos-Broncano, Carbon, 39 (2001) 849. 

J. O. M. Bockris and A. Gonzalez-Martin, in Spectroscopic and Diffraction Techniques in Intetfacial Electrochemistry, Ed. by C. Gutierrez and C. Melendres, Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1990, p. 1. 

Gonzalez-Martin, I., Hemandez-Hierro, J. M., Vivar-Quintana, A., Revilla, I., and Gonzalez-Perez, C. (2009). The application of near infrared spectroscopy technology and a remote reflectance fibre-optic probe for the determination of peptides in cheeses (cow s, ewe s, and goa t s) with different ripening times. Food Chem. 114,1564—1569. 

C. G. Francisco, C. Gonzalez Martin, and E. Suarez, Fragmentation of carbohydrate anomeric alkoxyradicals, a new general method for the synthesis of alduronic acid lactones, J. Org. Chem., 63 (1998) 2099-2109. 

A somewhat different use of scanning tunneling microscopy to measure surface states has been made by Szklarczyk and Gonzalez-Martin (1991) and by Uosaki (1995) (see Figs. 10.16 and 10.17). 

Fig. 10.16. Energy band diagrams for (a) Schottky barrier situation and (b) tunneling situation. CB, conduction-band energy VB, valence-band energy F, Fermi energy level. (Reprinted from A. Gonzalez-Martin, thesis, Texas A M University, 1993.)...

Ion adsorption has been suggested as a cause of surface states (Rajeschwar, 1982) and it may well be one cause, particularly if the potential of the semiconductor is positive to that of the flatband potential. On p-Si in a solution containing N(Bu)4, to take a specific example, the density of surface states obtained from impedance spectroscopy is shown in Fig. 10.17 (Gonzalez-Martin, 1993). It is seen that the concentration of surface states increases exponentially in the cathodic direction until the expected limit (toward complete coverage) is seen. 

Fig. 10.31. Image of p-Si in air Vbias = +1.0 V (Reprinted from M. Szklarczyk, A. Gonzalez-Martin, O. Velev, and J. O M. Bockris, STM Studies of p-Si(111) substrate in Air and in Electrolytic Environment, Surf. Sci. 237, Copyright 1990, Fig. 7, with permission from Elsevier Science.)...

The resolution obtained with the laser spot technique is far exceeded by scanning tunneling microscopy where, in some cases, atomic resolution in electrochemical cases has been reached (Szklarczyk and Velev, 1989). The first successful studies of semiconductors in air (Fig. 10.31) and in an electrochemical situation (Fig. 10.32) were made onp-Si 111 (Gonzalez-Martin, 1990). It was found that the electrochemical formation of SiOx and SiOH induces surface states at 0.25 V above the valence band at the surface (Fig. 10.33). 

Fig. 12.93. STM image of iron in solution (borate buffer, pH = 8.4) after 3 min at Fe = -0. 75 V. (Reprinted from R. C. Bhardwaj, A. Gonzalez-Martin, and J. O M. Bockris, In Situ Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies on Passivation of Polycrystallin Iron in Borate Buffer," J. Electrochem. Soc. 138 1903,1991. Reproduced with permission of The Electrochemical Society, Inc.)...

Sylvester, P. Rutherford, L. A. Jr. Gonzalez-Martin, A. Kim, J. Rapko, B. M. Lumetta, G. J. Ferrate Treatment for Removing Chromium from High-Level Radioactive Tank Waste, Environ. Sci. Technol. 2001,35, 216-221. 

Cano-Ruiz, A., Martin-Scapa, M.A., Larraona, J.L., Gonzalez-Martin, J.A., Moreno-Caparros, A., Garcia-Plaza, A. Laparoscopic findings in seven patients with nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver. Amer. 

Gonzalez-Martin ML, Valenzuela-Calahorro C, Gomez-Serrano V. Langmuir 7 1296-1298, 1991. 

Aronova, M. A. Chang, K. S. Takeuchi, I. Jabs, H. Westerheim, D. Gonzalez-Martin, A. Kim, J. Lewis, B., Combinatorial libraries of semiconductor gas sensors as inorganic electronic noses, Appl. Phys. Lett. 2003, 83, 1255-1257... 

Gonzalez-Martin, M.L., Gonzalez-Garcia, C.M., Gonzalez, J.F., et al. (2002). Thermodynamic characterization of a regenerated activated carbon surface. Appl. Surf. Sci., 191, 166-70. 

Gonzalez Martin C, Murphy JA, Smith CR (2000) Replacing tin in radical chemistry N-ethylpiperidine hypophosphite in cyclisation reactions of aryl radicals. Tetrahedron Lett 41 1833-1836... 

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