Goldfish series

Description of Experiments During the summer of 1986, Amoco CHI Company and LLNL conducted the Goldfish Series of anhydrous hydrofluoric acid (HF) spUl experiments at the Frenchman Hat area of the Nevada Test Site. The objectives of the six experiments were... 

Most of the heavier-than-air cloud field experiments have focused on the dispersion of gaseous clouds. However, some experiments have been conducted with two-phase effects, e.g., the Desert Tortoise, Eagle, Goldfish series (Koopman et al., 1989) and FLADIS field experiments (Nielsen et al., 1997). In particular, the Desert Tortoise series was designed to study the dispersion of two-phase ammonia clouds. It was reported that two-phase effects had a dominating influence on the temperature and spreading behavior of the cloud and the extent of the heavy cloud dispersion regime (Koopman et al., 1986). Recently, available field data sets have been reviewed within the SMEDIS (Scientific Model Evaluation of Dense Gas Dispersion Models) project (Daish et al., 1998 Carissimo et al., 1999). 

In some biological systems nonionic surfactants have an intrinsic biological activity the Ci2 alkyl ethers were too toxic to be used in the experiments of drug absorption with goldfish. The activity of the C12 ethers was quantified by measurement of the fish turnover time, T. When the reciprocal of the turnover time is plotted against alkyl chain length for the series Cx and Ejq and C12 compound is distinguished by its marked effect. (12). 

Figure 7.22. Effects of lipid microenvironments on physiological functions. (A) Effects of changes in membrane order (Order parameter, S) generated by alterations in cholesterol content on the activity of Na+-K+-ATPase of Chinese hamster ovary cells (after Sinensky et al., 1979). (B) Resistance to heat denaturation of Na+-K+-ATPase in gills of differently acclimated goldfish. Membranes were preincubated for 15 min at a series of temperatures prior to measurement of Na+-K+-ATPase at 25°C. (After Cossins et al., 1981.)...

In a series of recent experiments, we have examined regeneration of the goldfish visual system at three levels. (1) Ija vivo experiments goldfish in which an optic nerve has previously... 

Mackay and Hughes (1984) reported that narcosis in goldfish acutely exposed to a series of alkyl esters of p-aminobenzoic acid appeared to occur at an internal body concentration of about 4.36 mol m (4.36 mmol L" ) irrespective of the ester. The mean acute toxicity constant for narcotics calculated herein, 2.0 mmol L is in close agreement. 

Figure 7.14 The mean effect of two groups of nonionic surfactants (a) of the Brij 50 series and (b) of the Brij 70 series compared in goldfish n = 6) on the absorption of thiopental, + secobarbital, and x phenobarbital. All surfactants at 0.1 % level, from [53].

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