Glyoxal secondary formation

From a plot of the corrected concentration of the target product as a function of the corrected concentration of the reference product a straight line is expected if both products are formed as primary products. Any secondary formation of the product leads to deviations from the linear relationship. The yield ratio is determined from the slope of the data. The relative yield method is employed in this work to determine the primary glyoxal yield relative to methacrolein, which is an established primary product from the OH-radical initiated oxidation of isoprene. 

Hinsberg oxindolc synthesis. Formation of oxindoles from secondary aryl amines and sodium bisulfite addition compound of glyoxal primary aryl amines give glycine or glycinamide derivatives. 

Volkamer, R., U. Platt, and K. Wirtz Primary and Secondary Glyoxal Formation from Aromatics Experimental Evidence for the Bicycloalkyl-Radical Pathway from Benzene, Toluene, and p-Xylene, Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 105 (2001) 7865-7874. 

The breakdown of the carbon skeleton for 2(5H)-furanone (also a photolysis product of butenedial) has been updated and -angelica lactone has been replaced by -angelica lactone to reduce secondary glyoxal formation. These changes were prompted by findings of Volkamer et al. (2001) that secondary glyoxal formation in the toluene system is negligible. 

Ervens B, Volkamer R (2010) Glyoxal processing by aerosol multiphase chemistry towards a kinetic modeling framework of secondary organic aerosol formation in aqueous particles. Atmos Chem Phys 10(17) 8219-8244... 

Condensed-phase SOA formation water-soluble VOCs may dissolve into the aqueous phase of cloud droplets or wet aerosols. Subsequent aqueous-phase reactions (e.g., oxidation and/or oligomerization) can lead to the formation of low-volatility secondary organic material [82-87]. In particular, the dicarbonyl VOCs glyoxal and methylglyoxal have been studied as potential precursors for this SOA formation pathway. Recently, aqueous-phase reactions of isoprene-derived epoxydiols have also been shown to be efficient pathways to SOA formation in the aerosol aqueous phase [88-91]. 

Schwier AN, Sareen N, Mitroo DM, Shapiro EL, McNeill VF (2010) Glyoxal-methylglyoxal cross-reactions in secondary organic aerosol formation. Environ Sci Technol 44 6174—6182... 

VoDeamer, R., Platt, U., Wirtz, K. Primary and secondary glyoxal formation from aromatics experimental evidence for the bicycloalkyl — radical pathway from benzene, toluene, and p-xylene. J. Phys. Chem. A 105,7865-7874 (2001)... 

Volkamer, R., F. San Martini, L.T. Molina, D. Salcedo, J.L. Jimenez, and M.J. Molina (2007), A missing sink for gas-phase glyoxal in Mexico City Formation of secondary organic aerosol, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L19807/1-L19807/5. 

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