Glycosphingolipids composition

Karlsson, A., Miller-Podraza, H., Johansson, P., Karlsson, K. A., Dahlgren, C., and Teneberg, S. (2001). Different glycosphingolipid composition in human neutrophil sub-cellular compartments. Glycoconj. J. 18, 231-243. 

Glycosphingolipid Composition of Normal and Familial Hypercholesterolemic Cells... 

Coles, L., Hay, J.B. Gray, G.M. (1970) Factors Affecting the Glycosphingolipid Composition of Murine Tissues , Journal of Lipid Research, 11,158-63 Colvin, J.R. (1961) Synthesis of Cellulose from Ethanol-Soluble Precursors in Green Plants , Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology, 39, 1921-6 Cook, G.M.W. Stoddart, R.W. (1973) Surface Carbohydrates of the Eukaryotic Cell, pp. 346. Academic Press, London New York... 

Kanda T, Ariga T, Kubodera H, et al. Glycosphingolipid composition of primary cultured human brain micro-vascular endothelial cells. / Neurosci Res. 2004 78(1) 141-150. 

Ariga, T., Blaine, G.M., Yoshino, H., Dawson, G., Kanda, T., Zeng, G.C., Kasama, T., Kushi, Y., and Yu, R.K. Glycosphingolipid composition of murine neuroblastoma cells O-Acetylesterase gene downregulates the expression of O-acetylated GD3. Biochemistry (1995) 34, 11500-11507. 

Nojiri, H., Takaku, F., Ohta, M., Miura, Y, and Saito, M., 1985, Changes in glycosphingolipid composition during differentiation of human leukemic granulocytes in chronic myelogenous leukemia compared with in vitro granulocytic differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemia cell line Hl 60, Cancer Res. 45 6100-6106. 

Although glycosphingolipids are the specific lipid components in the antigen-antibody complex, their activity is markedly enhanced by other (auxiliary) lipids such as lecithin and lecithin-cholesterol mixtures (15). The present study deals with the effect of lipid composition on the penetration of lactoside—cholesterol and lactoside—lecithin monolayers by rabbit y-globulin. We also investigated the lecithin-cholesterol system. Furthemore, since criteria for the existence of lipid-lipid complexes in monolayers are still few (8, 17), we have used infrared spectroscopy to examine lipid mixtures for the presence of complexes. 

The composition of the glycosphingolipids of vertebrates shows species, tissue, and individual specificity.8,48"55 A comparative study of nervous-... 

Structural studies of glycosphingolipids involves determination of the structure of the oligosaccharide chain and of the lipid moiety. For the oligosaccharide chain, it is necessary to determine the composition, molar ratio, and sequence of the monosaccharides, their pyranose or furanose nature, and the position of glycosidic bonds and their configuration for the lipid moiety, the composition of the fatty acids and sphingosine bases must be determined. Used for these purposes are the classical, chemical methods, conventionally accepted in the chemistry of carbohydrates and lipids and based on the degradation of compounds, enzymic, and physicochemical methods, primarily mass spectrometry and n.m.r. spectroscopy. 

Sphingosine bases are usually isolated from glycosphingolipids by treatment with methanolic HC1 containing some water,148 and characterized, in the form of the free bases or their 2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP) derivatives,149 151 by t.l.c. For quantitative determination of bases, a colorimetric procedure is used, based on color formation of the base with Methyl Orange.152 The composition of the sphingosine bases, as their Me3Si derivatives, is determined by g.l.c. and g.l.c.-m.s.,148,153,154 as well as by using for this purpose... 

When the lipid composition of the ganglion in four species of gastropod (Helix pomatia, Lymnaea stagnate, Murex trunculus, and M. brandaris the last two species inhabit the sea) was investigated by biochemical and histochemical methods, the glycosphingolipids were found to be present mainly in the form of sulfatides, whereas gangliosides are absent.60... 

A major problem encountered in the analysis of glycolipids is the assurance that glycolipids are removed from the tissue in high yield. Utilization of the classical methods for the isolation of lipids have introduced some limitations with regard to the extrac-tibility of highly polar glycosphingolipids and hence have led to many false statements and to misconceptions that the glycosphingo-lipid compositions are well explored. 

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