Glycopolymers copolymers

Perfluoroalkyl groups are also introduced into block copolymers with methacrylates, acrylates, and styrene (B-46 to B-53), which can be synthesized in scCC>2 or in the bulk.95,315 Amphiphilic block copolymers based on glycopolymer segments (B-54 and B-55) are synthesized by copper-catalyzed polymerizations.321,322 Comonomers with a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane unit afforded hybrid polymers between organic and inorganic components (B-56 and B-57).326... 

Keywords Aggregation, Biohybrid, Biomembrane, Block copolymer, Colloid, Glycopolymer, Polypeptide, Secondary structure, Self-assembly, Vesicle... 

Fukuda et al. used both a nitroxide-mediated polymerization as well as ATRP to polymerize a sugar containing methacrylate monomer and produce water-soluble glycopolymers however, only ATRP was used to prepare block copolymers [202,203]. The ATRP of 3-0-methacryloyl-l,2 5,6-di-0-isopropylidene-D-glucofuranose (MAIpGlc, Fig.27) was carried out to determine the characteristics of the homopolymerization. It was found that the relationship between the concentration of initiator and the rate of polymerization was not a simple first-... 

Well-defined block copolymers have been obtained via sequential monomer addition. Water-soluble, biologically active glycopolymers have also been made by this type of Ru(ll) catalyst [18],... 

With the development of controlled radical polymerization techniques like nitroxide-mediated radical polymerization (NMRP), atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), and reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization (see Section 3.2), the field of linear glycopolymers has significantly flourished, especially as control of molar mass and monomer sequence has become available, even for functionalized monomers. This enables incorporation of new and more complex glycomonomers as well as allows controlled dispersity, end group functionality, and monomer sequences in block, star-shaped, and graft copolymers, and eventually... 

Qin et al. also modified MWNTs with polyamidoamine (PAMAM) to increase the CNTs gene loading, and eventually to improve the transfection performance of CNTs. However, though the MWNT-PAMAM hybrid could deliver the GFP gene into cultured HeLa cells more efficiently than the unmodified CNTs, the efficiency was much lower than Lipofectamine 2000. The surfaces of SWNTs were also functionalized with cationic glycopolymers, and the copolymer modified SWNTs were found to be biocompatible and exhibit transfection efficiencies that are comparable to the commercially available agent Lipofectamine 2000. Various modified CNTs were tested in different cell lines for gene delivery. ... 

More recently, 8-amino-3,6-dioxaoctyl a-D-marmopyranoside and 8-amino-3,6-dioxaoctyl P-D-galacto-pyranoside were prepared for coupling with a copolymer made fix)m -caprolactone macromonomers and maleic anhydride. The glycopolymers thus obtained were used in conjimction with Pluronic F-68 for the stabilization of PCL nanoparticles prepared by the emulsification-diffusion technique [70]. 

Architecture. The advent of LRP has allowed the synthesis of cationic copolymers of well-defined architectures, hence allowing a careful analysis of the structure-activity relationship of these polymers. Synthetic linear cationic glycopolymers of statistical, block and block-statistical architectures were prepared by RAFT polymerization and studied for their gene expression profiles, as a function of molecular weight, carbohydrate content as well as architecture. The copolymers of 30-40 kDa and of... 

A glycopolymer-polypeptide triblock copolymer 37 was developed by Dong et Polymerization of a... 

SHI Shinde, V.S. and Pawar, V.U., Synthesis of thermosensitive glycopolymers containing D-glucose residue Copolymers with A-isopropylacrylamide, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., Ill, 2607, 2009. 

Vesicle-Tubule Transition. Transitions between spherical and tubular vesicles have been reported for a glycopolymer-containing amphiphilic block copolymer by varying the ratio of the co-solvents THF and DMF in aqueous solutions, and by changing the temperature at which the aggregates were prepared (62). Shape transitions involving tubular and starfish vesicles as well as connected tubules have been observed for PS-PEO as a fimction of water content, polymer concentration, and added ions (25). 

Poly(lactide-g-dextran) copolymers were synthesized by a three-step process partial silylation of the dextran hydroxyl groups, ROP of D,L-lactide initiated by the remaining hydroxyl groups of dextran, followed by silyl ether deprotection under mild conditions. The emulsifying properties of these glycopolymers depend on the PLA/dextran ratio [104]. PLA-g-dextran and PLA-g-silylated dextran adopt a core-shell conformation in various solvents [105]. Studies on encapsulation and release behavior of bovine serum albumin from PLA-g-dextran revealed a higher loading than in PLLA microspheres [106]. 

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