Glycols degradation with loss

Aldehydes from 1,2-glycols Degradation with loss of 1 C atom... 

The polymerization of Polymer 10 reached its maximum torque in 7 minutes (390 meter-grams) then died and began to degrade with loss of melt viscosity, even at this low polymer melt viscosity level and familiar polymerization temperature. Ethylene glycol chain extended polymers have been anomalous polymerizations and polymers in our experience due, we believe, to abnormal chemistry that can occur during their preparation. 

At ambient temperatures (0 to 40°C), TPOs have quite rubber-Uke properties. As the temperature is raised, however, these properties deteriorate quite sharply. On the other hand, the absence of unsaturation in the polymer backbones of both PP and EPDM makes these polymers and the TPOs derived from them very resistant to degradation by oxidation or ozone attack. The nonpolar nature of EPDM/PP TPOs makes them highly resistant to water, aqueous solutions, and other polar fluids such as alcohols and glycols, but they swell extensively with loss of properties when exposed to halocarbons and oils and fuels. 

In acidic solution, the degradation results in the formation of furfural, furfuryl alcohol, 2-furoic acid, 3-hydroxyfurfural, furoin, 2-methyl-3,8-dihydroxychroman, ethylglyoxal, and several condensation products (36). Many metals, especially copper, cataly2e the oxidation of L-ascorbic acid. Oxalic acid and copper form a chelate complex which prevents the ascorbic acid-copper-complex formation and therefore oxalic acid inhibits effectively the oxidation of L-ascorbic acid. L-Ascorbic acid can also be stabilized with metaphosphoric acid, amino acids, 8-hydroxyquinoline, glycols, sugars, and trichloracetic acid (38). Another catalytic reaction which accounts for loss of L-ascorbic acid occurs with enzymes, eg, L-ascorbic acid oxidase, a copper protein-containing enzyme. 

Tannins may be found bound up with magnetite in waterside tube deposits. Degradation products of amines, glycols, polymeric dispersants, chelants, and other organics may also be found and usually are reported in the deposit analysis as a loss on ignition. 

To coimter the loss of water dining the process and a significant degradation of the material, to prevent, e.g., the formation of cellular stractures output from an extruder, and to obtain a material with controlled properties, we use a non-volatile plasticizer such as glycerol or other polyols (sorbitol, xylitol, fructose, polyethylene glycol, etc.) [AVE 04a, XIE 12]. Blends of these different polyols are also used [CHI 10b]. Other, notably nitrogenous plasticizers (urea, ammonium derivatives, amines, etc.) can also be used. Plasticized starches are thus created. They are... 

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