Glycolipids, biosynthesis

Mudd, J. B.. T. T. McManus, A. Ongun, and T. E. McCullough. Inhibition of glycolipid biosynthesis in chloroplasts by ozone and sulfhydryl reagents. Plant Physiol. 48 335-339, 1971. 

Figure 5 Overview of glycolipid biosynthesis. Mammalian glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are synthesized from Cer after the addition of Gal, to form the small GalCer-series, or after the addition of Glc and Gal to form the ubiquitous LacCer class, which is subdivided into gangliosides, globosides, and the neo-lactoseries. Additional information on the enzymes and specific GSLs shown can be found in the KEGG databases (see the Legend for Fig. 3).

Bieberich E, Freischutz B, Suzuki M, Yu RK. Differential effects of glycolipid biosynthesis inhibitors on ceramide-induced cell death in neuroblastoma cells. J. Neurochem. 1999 72 1040-1049. Makino A, Ishii K, Murate M, Hayakawa T, et al. D-threo-1-Phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-l-propanol alters cellular cholesterol homeostasis by modulating the endosome lipid domains. Biochemistry 2006 45 4530-4541. 

GlcNAc(beta l,3)Gal(beta 1,4) Glc-ceramide synthase gene encoding the key regulator of lacto-series glycolipid biosynthesis. J. Biol. Chem. 2001 276 30261-30269. 

Compound 72 as well as the corresponding V-nonyl analog were also found to be active against bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) by inducing misfolding of viral envelope proteins [187]. In addition, 72 was reported to inhibit human hepatitis B virus [188] as a novel inhibitor of glycolipid biosynthesis [189]. 

Ablation of genes of glycolipid biosynthesis is often associated with neurological defects [253]. In humans, a loss-of-function mutation in the aforementioned ST3GalV/GM3 s)mthase... 

Fishman, P. H., Simmons, J. L., Brady, R. O., Freese, E. (1974). Induction of glycolipid biosynthesis by sodium butyrate in HeLa cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 59, 292-299. 

As with the <>glycosidic glycopeptides, there is no evidence of a requirement for dolichol or any other intermediate carrier in glycolipid biosynthesis, but the possible function of a cofactor other than dolichol cannot be excluded. 

Platt, EM, Neises, GR, Dwek, RA andButters, TD (1994) N-butyldeoxynojirimycin is anovel inhibitor of glycolipid biosynthesis. J Biol Chem, 269, 8362-8365. 

Platt, F.M. Neises, G.R. Karlsson, G.B. Dwek, R.A. Butters, T.D. N-Butyldeox-ygalactonojirimycin Inhibits Glycolipid Biosynthesis but Does Not Affect N-Linked Oligosaccharide Processing. J. Biol Chem., 1994, 269, 27108-28114. 

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