Glyceryl trinitrate Alcohol

Glyceryl trinitrate overdose should be treated with the patient s head lowered. Other measures include respiration maintenance, use of plasma expanders, and electrolyte balance. Withdrawal of heparin treatment or dose reduction should be performed with the overdose of heparin. Protamine sulfate may be used to reduce severe bleeding. Heparin should be used with caution with glyceryl trinitrate, aprotinine, alcohol, tobacco, and ACE inhibitors. Nifedipine should be used with care when coadministering with immunosuppressants, magnesium salts, tobacco, digoxin, antineoplastics, calcium channel blockers, antihistamines, antifungals, antiepileptics, antiarrhythmics, and alcohol. 

Various esters of nitric acid (HN03) and polyvalent alcohols relax vascular smooth muscle, e.g., nitroglycerin (glyceryl trinitrate) and isosorbide dinitrate. The effect is more pronounced in venous than in arterial beds. 

Alcohol potentiates the hypotensive effects of sublingual glyceryl trinitrate (99). 

The presence of high concentrations of ethanol and glycerol in intravenous glyceryl trinitrate formulations has led to alcohol intoxication after high-dose therapy (100-102). 

Spirit of glyceryl trinitrate. See Nitroglycerin Spirit of Hartshorn. See Ammonium hydroxide Spirit of nitrous ether. See Ethyl nitrite Spirit orange. See Solvent yellow 14 Spirits of salt. See Hydrochloric acid Spirits of turpentine. See Turpentine Spirits of wine. See Alcohol Spirit of trinitroglycerin. See Nitroglycerin Spirit of turpentine. See Turpentine Spiro (benzofuran-2(3H), 1 -(2) cyclohexene)-3,4 -dione, 7-chloro-2, 4,6-trimethoxy-6 -p-methyl-. See Griseofulvin Spiro [bicycio [3.1.1] heptane-2,2 -oxirane], 6,6-dimethyl-. See Epoxypinane Spiro [1,3-dioxane-5,2 (2H)-napthalene], hexahydro-2,5, 5 -trimethyl-. See Dimethyl hexahydronaphthyl dihydroxymethyl acetal Spirofior. See 3-Ethyl-2,4-dioxaspiro (5.5) undec-8-ene... 

The oldest class of clinically used NO donors are the organic nitrates (R-ONO2) (Fig. 20.3), which are nitric acid esters of mono and polyhydric alcohols, including glyceryl trinitrate (GTN A.l), pentaerithrityl tetranitrate (PETN A.2), isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN A.3), and isosorbide-5-mononitrate (ISMN A.4). Metabolites of GTN, viz., glyceryl mononitrate (GMN) and glyceryl dinitrate (GDN), are pharmacologically active, but less potent than GTN. 

G. Nitrierung F. nitration N. is the introduction of a nitro group as an -C-NO2 bond into an organic compound. This type of reaction is not practiced much in context with RR. The ->esterification of alcohols with nitrous acid (-C-O-N-bond) is sometimes incorrectly called nitration. This exothermic reaction is carried out in the presence of sulfuric acid. Nitrates of interest are - cellulose nitrate (nitrocellulose) and - glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerine). 

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