Glycerol-water system

Lourdin, D., Ring, S.G., and Colonna, P. Study of plasticizer-oligomer and plasticizer-polymer interactions by dielectric analysis maltose-glycerol and amylose-glycerol-water systems, Carbohydr. Res., 306, 551, 1998. 

There are three parts in the floating/sinking samples procedure. First, it is a preparation of standard solutions with known densities. Glycerol s density is d = 1.25 g/cml If it is dilnted with water 50 50, the density of the resulting solution is, naturally, 1.125 g/cml A general formula for densities in glycerol-water systems is... 

M. A. Moustafa, A. M. Molokhia, and M. W. Gouda, Phenobarbital solubility in propylene glycol-glycerol-water systems, J. Pharm. Sci., 70, 1172-1174 (1981). 

Finally, Banerjee and Bhat have shown that the spin probe dynamics in a glycerol-water system can sense the mesoscopic inhomogeneities of the host matrix by demonstrating a discontinuity in the glycerol concentration dependence of the spin probe-free volume [41],... 

VSH Vshivkov, S.A. and Balashova, M.L, Phase equilibrium of the polyethylene glycol-glycerol-water system in a mechanical field (Russ.), Vysokomol. Soedin., Ser. B, 30, 689, 1988. 

Figure 6.24 The vitamin A polysorbate 80 glycerol water system.

Wada, E., Handa, M., Imamura, K. etal. (2002) Enzymatic synthesis of AZ-acyl-L-amino acids in a glycerol-water system using acylase I from pig kidney. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 79, 41-46. 

Tan 1, Wee CC, Sopade PA, HaUey PJ, (2004) Investigating tbe starcb gelatinisation phenomena in glycerol-water systems application of modulated temperature differential scanning , submitted to Starch/Starke, January (2004). 

Cu-CuO% nanoparticles (with a content of about 10 wt.%) on titania are effective for the production of hydrogen under sacrificial conditions [176-178], A fairly low concentration of Cu (2.5 wt.%) was sufficient to allow promising H2 production from ethanol-water and glycerol-water mixtures in the case of CuO% nanoparticles encapsulated into porous titania [179]. A key limitation of this system is photocorrosion under oxidizing conditions (oxygen and carboxylic adds as by-products of partial oxidation of the sacrificial agent). However, in the presence of UV irradiation, Cu photodeposition can occur, preventing loss of Cu [179]. 

The work of adhesion is influenced by the orientation of the molecules at the interface. For example, with the help of Table A.4.1 and Eq. (A.4.8), the work of adhesion of n-decane-water (corresponding to a paraffinic oil-water system) and of glycerol-water can be computed to be 40 10 3 J nr2 and 56x 10 3 J nr2, respectively. It requires more work to separate the polar glycerol molecules (oriented with the OH groups toward the water) from the water phase than the nonpolar hydrocarbon molecules. For paraffinic oils Woo is about 44 mj nr2, for water Www is 144 mj nr2, and for glycerol Woo is 127 mJ nr2. 

For a number of solutes, the partition coefficients in octanol could be well reproduced by Eq. 6.11 (Figure 6.5), as could the differences in the partitioning between octanol-water and hydrocarbon-water systems. A relatively large difference of 1.7 kcal/mol between experimental and calculated values was observed only for glycerol,... 

Figure 6. The linear range of the ionization constants of the acids vs. the dielectric constant function at 25°C. ethanol-water (O) methanol-water (A) 2-methoxyethanol-water dioxane-water (D) acetone-water, glycerol-water, 2-propanol-water ( ). Points owing to tetrahydrofuran-water, 2-ethoxyethanol-water, and 1,2-dimethoxyethane-water systems are not shown on the plots they all lie on the linear plots.

Lipolysis in isolated fat cells has been measured by determining free fatty acids and glycerol [173]. Free fatty acids were determined after extraction with a two-phase heptane-isopropyl alcohol-water system [174], whereas glycerol was determined by a coupled enzymatic assay which involves formation of glycerol-3-phosphate by ATP, oxidation of glycerol-3-phosphate with NAD, and measuring the native fluorescence of NADH [175]. 

This progression fits well experimental data collected so far. In the binary glycerol monooleate-water system there is conclusive experimental evidence for the presence of a body-centred structure of symmetry laSd at lower water contents and a primitive cubic bilayer (symmetry Pn m) at higher water contents [28] (Fig. 4.15). 

The glycerol monooleate (GMO)-water system shown in Fig. 4.14 is particularly interesting as it exhibits two cubic phases, Cg and CD- The two... 

Fig. 49. Splitting of bubble by fluid-dynamic disturbances (a) from Henricksen and 0stergaard (H7) (b) and (c) from T. Kikuchi. (b) Air-water system,Dj = 8 cm, Uc = 2.i5 cm/sec, continuous bubbling, (c) Air-aqueous glycerol system, Dj = S cm, Uq = 4 cm/sec, continuous bubbling.

ATP-generating system Creatine kinase (Boehringer Mannheim) 4mg/ml in glycerol/water (1 -i-l) store in aliquots of 200pi creatine phosphate (800 mM) 261.76 mg/ml in water, store in aliquots of 200 pi mix 1 part of CP and one part of CK. 

Lourdin, D., Colorma, P, and Ring, S.G. Volumetric behaviour of maltose-water, maltose-glycerol and starch-sorbitol-water systems mixtures in relation to structural relaxation, Carbohydr. Res., 338, 2883, 2003. 

The nonaqueous systems also form liquid crystals analogous to aqueous systems in ternary systems with an added weakly hydrophilic component. SDS has been extensively employed in studies of ternary and quaternary systems with glycerol or formamide, a long-chain alcohol, and, sometimes, hydrocarbon [97-101], In the SDS-glycerol-decanol system the lamellar phase swells extensively, even more so than in water [97], While no liquid crystals form at room temperature in the binary systems, a D-phase occurs when decanol is added. 

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