Glycerine, oxidation

Ar—NH2 + Glycerin/Oxid) Quinoxalin 2-Isopropyl- E19a, 1276 [R-COOH + Het (rad.)]... 

C3H6O4, HO OCHCOHj-CH OH. An un-crystallizable syrup it occurs in optically active forms. Prepared by oxidation of glycerin with nitric acid. 

The base lubricant is usually a petroleum oil while the thickener usually consists of a soap or soap mixture. In addition they may contain small amounts of free alkali, free fatty acid, glycerine, anti-oxidant, extreme-pressure agent, graphite or molybdenum disulphide. 

CH2 CH CH0. a colourless, volatile liquid, with characteristic odour. The vapour is poisonous, and intensely irritating to eyes and nose b.p. 53"C. It is prepared by the distillation of a mixture of glycerin, potassium sulphate and potassium hydrogen sulphate. It is manufactured by direct oxidation of propene or cross-condensation of ethanal with meth-anal. 

Fit a 1-litre three-necked flask with two double surface condensers and a glycerine-scaled stirrer (Fig. II, 7, 10). Place 25 g. (29 ml.) of mesityl oxide (Section 111,79), 50 ml. of dioxan and a cold (10°) solution... 

On oxidation with permanganate of potassium it yields sabinol-glycerine, CjoH,5(011)3, melting at 152° to 153°, and by further oxidation, tanacetogene-dicarboxylic acid, CpHj Og, melting at 140°. On reduction with sodium and amyl alcohol, sabinol yields thujyl alcohol, CjoHj OH. 

Hazards. K permanganate is a powerful oxidizing agent. It can expld in contact with organic materials, especially ale, ether, glycerin arid combustible gases or with sulfuric acid... 

Nearly insoi in w, easily sol in ale, eth, et ac, benz gelatinizes NC. Can be prepd by the nitration of ], 3-propanediol with mixed nitric-sulfuric acid, as described by Naoum (Ref 4) and Blechta (Ref 3). The nitration requires a lower temp than that used for nitrating glycerin, because the central methylene group is readily oxidized at a higher temp. A temp between 0-10° is recommended since decompn is possible even at 15°, while at 20° yel fumes are evolved. Separating the product from the spent acid occurs with ease at 10°. From lOOp of... 

When a few drops of anhydrous perchloric acid are added to ethanol, there is an immediate detonation. With ethylene glycol, glycerine and pentaerythritol, this acid forms liquids that detonate as soon as they are moved from one container to the next. The same is true for glycerine, when handled when in the presence of perchloric acid and lead (II) oxide. 

FD C color Common name Water Glycerin Propylene glycol 25% Ethanol Light Oxidation pH 3 pH 5 pH 7 pH 8... 

Glycerol can be converted into glycerine carbonate via an oxidative carbonylation and, subsequently, into glycidol (Scheme 11.18) [136]. 

To continue the process, the fatty methyl esters are phase-separated from the glycerin (or glycerol—same thing, just to keep you on your toes), washed with water to remove any trace amounts of methanol and glycerin and dried. In a second reaction, the methyl esters are hydrogenated to get the fatty alcohols (in the southeast corner of Figure 15—2). The catalyst is usually a mixture of cupric chromite and cupric oxide in the form of a finely divided powder. Conversion of the triglycerides is about 95%. 

Sorbitol and glycerine are commonly used as monomers for oxide addition. Various alkyl phenol-formaldehyde compounds are examples of polymeric acceptor compounds having a large number of unreacted hydroxyl groups. The extent of oxide polymerization can have a significant impact on performance and solubility of the dehazer or demulsifier in fuel and oil systems. 

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