Glucagon calcium

O2, charcoal, glucagon, calcium (if known CCB OD), atropine or pressor... 

Vitamin D withdrawal is an obvious treatment for D toxicity (219). However, because of the 5—7 d half-life of plasma vitamin D and 20—30 d half-life of 25-hydroxy vitamin D, it may not be immediately successful. A prompt reduction in dietary calcium is also indicated to reduce hypercalcemia. Sodium phytate can aid in reducing intestinal calcium transport. Calcitonin glucagon and glucocorticoid therapy have also been reported to reduce semm calcium resulting from D intoxication (210). 

Consider glucagon 2-10 mg IV bolus followed by a 2-10 mg/h continuous IV infusion in P-adrenergic blocker or calcium channel blocker-induced bradycardia not responsive to atropine... 

Glucagon (primary), atropine, calcium chloride/gluconate, pressors ... 

Wingrove, D.E., Amatruda, J. and Gunter, T.E. (1984) Glucagon effects on the membrane potential and calcium uptake rate of rat liver mitochondria. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 259 (15), 9390-9394. 

The regulation of calcitonin synthesis and release from the parafollicular C cells of the thyroid gland is calcium dependent. Rising serum calcium is the principal stimulus responsible for calcitonin synthesis and release. Other hormones, such as glucagon, gastrin, and serotonin, also stimulate calcitonin release. Calcitonin has been isolated in tissues other than the parafollicular C cells (parathyroid, pancreas, thymus, adrenal), but it is not known whether this material is biologically active. 

Glucagon has also been used to stimulate insulin and C-peptide secretion, to see whether the islets still produce insulin, as a stimulatory test during pheochromocytoma, hyperinsulinism, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, or as an additive in upper gastrointestinal X-ray investigations (0.5-1 mg). It has been used in myocardial infarction, although its inotropic effects may present a risk. It has also been used to treat overdoses with beta-blockers (3) and calcium channel blockers (4), although its efficacy in such cases has only been demonstrated in animals (5) and to treat overdose with tricyclic antidepressants (6,7). 

Bailey B. Glucagon in beta-blocker and calcium channel blocker overdoses a systematic review. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 2003 41(5) 595-602. 

Endocrine and metabolic Blood tests Serum concentrations of pituitary horrmones (TSH, LH, FSH, ACTH, growth hormone, prolactin, vasopressin) serum concentrations of other hormones (insulin parathyroid hormone, glucagon, calcitonin, vitamin D) and serum electrolyte concentrations (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium)... 

Fig. 9. Effects of hormones on the calcium content of isolated rat hepatocytes. Hepatocytes were incubated for 5 min in medium containing 100 p.M Ca with hormones at the concentrations shown and the calcium content measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Glu is glucagon and Angio is angiotensin II. Reproduced from Ref. 5 by permission of the authors and publisher.

Synergistic interaction between glucagon and calcium-mobilizing agonists in liver... 

Inhibitory action of phorbol esters on glucagon-induced calcium mobilization... 

---