Glass bead disintegrator

Glass beads can be used as an illustration of hydrophobia interactions. Thus, glass beads covered with dichloro-dimethylsilane can be regarded as solid hydrocarbon particles. Only hydrophobic interactions are possible. In a structured solvent such as water or formamide, the beads cluster together. When the polarity of the solvent is decreased by addition of alcohols the clusters disintegrate [79]. 

Sample preparation 5 Tablets + 2 glass beads + 25 mL 50 g.g/mL dibutyl phthalate in MeOH, vortex 15 min or until tablets have completely disintegrated, sonicate 5 min, filter (2 pm), inject 25 pL aliquot. 

Electrolyser of this type can be used to remove metals from their dilute solutions. For example, an electrolyser of the firm CHEMELEC (England) permits the concentration of heavy metal ions to be lowered to 100 mg per litre at an acceptable current yield (tens of per cent). The metal deposited on a plate or rod-shaped cathode can be used as an anode in galvanic plating. There were some doubts about the purity of the recovered metal, which was supposed to contain microscopic glass particles, presumably from disintegrated glass beads. If this... 

An example of mechanical aids to cavitation can be found in the field of ultrasonic cell disintegration. These activators are often glass beads or ceramic disks, but sand or plastic chunks can also be employed. Other examples of solids added to improve cavitation effects are silicon carbide, any hard ceramic material or AI2O3 for micronizing species or for surface abrasion, Si02 which favors mechanochemical events, talc for the activation and probably alteration of the chemical properties of surfaces. 

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