Girder bridges

Douglas, B.M.(1976) Quick Release Pullback Testing and Analytical Seismic Analysis of a Six-Span Composite Girder Bridge. Report FHWA-RD-76-173, Federal Highway Administration Offices of Research and Development, Washington D.C., pp.73. 

The foundation soil at the site of the plate girder bridge showed signs of liquefaction, as indicated bythe sand boils seen in Figure 6. The plate girder bridge introdueed earlier, suffered some rotation... 

The lateral bending stifihess ofthe plate girder bridge is quite small in comparison to the axial stiffness (1 x EA = 3.255 GNm ) or the Euler buckling load of each span. So when the piers try to rotate about their cross-sectional axis, the superstructure i.e. bridge deck offers least resistance. 

Figure 16. Approximate sections of the two bridges (a) Cross-section of the plate girder bridge (b) Cross-section of the arch bridge (c) Sectional view of the plate girder bridge (d) Sectional view of the arch bridge...

These calculations of bending stiffness are rather simple, but sufficient to illustrate that the super structural stiffness of the bridge influences the failure mechanism suffered by the foundation. A corollary to this statement, that may have more significant impact on liquefaction behaviour, is that once the foundations suffer liquefaction, the superstmcture will try to fail in a mode that offers least resistance. Forthe plate girder bridge this may... 

Fang Zhi, Wang Jian. Sun light thermal difference effect on long-span PC continuous box girder bridge [J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport, 2007, 20(l) 62-67. 

Elasto-plastic analysis on seismic response of PC continuous box-girder bridge with corrugated steel webs based on section fiber model... 

When research seismic responses of PC continuous box-girder bridge with corrugated steel webs, the effect of vertical seismic component on moment and vertical displacement of main girder is larger. However, the effect on displacement and internal force of piers is smaller and can be ignored. 

Chen, YY. et al. 2008. Design of Shenzhen Nanshan prestressed concrete continuous girder bridge with corrugated steel webs. The proceedings of 2008 national bridge academic conference 160-165. 

Xu, Z.N. Yang, X.Y. 2010. Development status and characteristics of composite girder bridge with corrugated steel webs. Inner Mongolia Science Technology Economy 1 70-72. 

Zhu Hanhua, Chen Mengchong and Yuan Yingjie. Cracks Analyses and Control of Prestressed Concrete Continuous Box-girder Bridge. Beijing the Chinese people s traffic press 2006. p37-84. 

Road bridges may be exposed to permanent actions, traffic loads, chmatic actions, differential settlements, water and earth pressures, earthquakes and accidental actions. In the submitted study permanent actions and traffic loads are considered only. Apparently, this consideration can hardly be accepted for certain types of bridges such as continuous box girder bridges where effects of temperature actions may be comparable to those due to traffic loads. 

The destroying compressive forces and bending moments of pier columns of girder bridges are caused by permanent and transient loads. They may be grouped into vertical (gravity) and lateral actions (Figure 2 b, c). 

Czamecki, A. A. Nowak, A. S. 2008. Time variant reliability profiles for girder bridges. Structura Sa 30 49-64. Eamon, Ch. D. Nowak, A. S. 2004. Effect of secondary element on bridge stractural system reliability considering... 

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