Ginsenoside Rgi

Odani, T., Tanizawa, H., and Takino, Y. (1983a). Studies on the absorption, distribution, excretion and metabolism of ginseng saponins. 11. The absorption, distribution and excretion of ginsenoside Rgi in the rat. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 31, 292-298. 

Yamaguchi, Y., Higashi, M., and Kobayashi, H. (1996b). Effects of oral and intraventricular administration of ginsenoside Rgi on the performance impaired by scopolamine in rats. Biomed. Res. 17,487-490. 

Fig. 2.3 HPLC analysis of ginsenosides recovered from the spent medium of Trichoderma hamatum and Pythium irregulare isolates. A ginsenoside mixture extracted from 3-year-old ginseng roots was added to the culture medium of both T. hamatum and Pythium irregulare, recovered after several days of incubation and analyzed by HPLC. The profile of ginsenosides added to the culture medium (a) included ginsenosides Rgi, Re, Rbi, Rba, Rc, Rd, and F2, as well as gypenoside XVII (G-XVII). (b-e) Profiles of ginsenosides recovered from T. hamatum isolate 3-323 (b), and Pythium irregulare isolates BR 486 (c), BR 598 (d), and BR 1068 (e).

As shown in "Figs. (34) and (35) ", among the six saponins tested, only ginsenoside Rgi "Fig. (36)" inhibited adrenaline- and thrombin-induced platelet aggregation and 5-HT release dose-dependently. 

Ginsenoside Rgi had no effect on arachidonate metabolism, but it did reduce the elevation of cytosolic free calcium concentration [Ca2+]i shown in the second phase (Ca2+ influx) induced by adrenaline and thrombin "Fig. (37)". The results suggest that ginsenoside Rgl in red ginseng roots may be effective as a drug for the treatment of arteriosclerosis and thrombosis. 

Comparative measurements have also been made on a phytopharmaceutical product. In the investigation of ginseng roots and of the medicaments prepared from this, the ginsenoside Rgi was determined by both 1-dimensional and 2-dimensional development. The results were presented in a poster in Vienna in September 1998 [124b]. 

Luffa cylindrica showed higher activity (82% and 92% respectively) [193] which was almost equal to that of ginsenoside Rgi (88%) [192] used as the positive control. 

The amount of nonmetabolized intact Rgi and Rbj absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract of the rat is about 1.9 and 0.1% of the doses, respectively. With a whole-body autoradiography, Strombom et al. (Figure 16.29) have been able to demonstrate in rats the absorption and distribution of the radioactively labeled ginsenoside Rgi and its metabolites after per oral administration of a radioactively labeled ginsenoside Rgi isolated from the G115 extract. 

Y. Nagai, O. Tanaka, and S. Shibata, Chemical studies on the Oriental plant drugs — XXIV Structure of ginsenoside Rgi, a neutral saponin of ginseng root. Tetrahedron 27, 811,1971. 

J. Stombom et al.. Studies on absorption and distribution of ginsenoside Rgi by whole-body autoradiography and chromatography, Acta Pharm. Suec., 22, 113, 1985. 

It has been well documented that the immune function declines with age in the human and animals. The possible cause for the decline are the inability of lymphocytes to proliferation in response to mitogenic stimulation and the decrease of IL-2 production. Ginsenoside Rgi was... 

IiDA, Y., O. Tanaka, and S. Shibata Studies on Saponins of Ginseng The Structure of Ginsenoside-Rgi. Tetrahedron Letters 1968, 5449 Nagai (n ee Iida), Y., O. Tanaka, and S. Shibata Chemical Studies on the Oriental Plant Drugs XXIV. Structure of Ginsenoside-Rgi, a Neutral Saponin of Ginseng Roots. Tetrahedron 27, 881 (1971). 

Takino, Y., T. Odani, H. Tanizawa, and T. Hayashi Studies on the Absorption, Distribution, Excretion and Metabolism of Ginseng Saponins. I. Quantitative Analysis of Ginsenoside Rgi in Rats. Chem. Pharm. Bull. (Japan) 30, 2196 (1982). 

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