Gibberellic acid ethylene

The second activation maximum for Echinocystis Factor I is approximately 30 mfi higher than that of gibberellic acid. The intensity of fluorescence is only about 3% that of gibberellic acid. Microspectrophotometric techniques for the determination of the acid equivalent weight (II) and of ethylenic double bonds (II) give a ratio of 0.75 double bond per acid equivalent in this fraction. 

Figure 3. Alterations of the growth of rice mesocotyls by CaCl2 in the presence or absence of either ethylene or gibberellic acid (13)...

Secondary metabolites, produced by pathways derived from primary metabolic routes, are numerous and widespread, especially in higher plants. More than 20,000 were known in 1985 (Hartmann, 1985), and at least 1000 additional compounds, are described each year. In practice, the difference between the primary and secondary metabolites is fuzzy. Plant hormones such as gibberellic acid, indoleace-tic acid (auxin), ethylene, kinetin, and abscisic acid, as well as compounds involved in plant cell wall structure such as cinnamic acid and its polymeric derivative, lignin, are intermediate between primary and secondary metabolism (Birch, 1973). In some instances, compounds normally considered primary metabolites may accumulate in large amounts and behave in a manner usually associated with secondary metabolites. Entities such as shikimic acid and squalene, which initially were considered secondary metabolites, were subsequently shown to be important intermediates in the formation of primary metabolites (phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan, and steroids, respectively). 

Cofactor of ethylene biosynthesis in cauliflower florets Synergist of gibberellic acid in Lactuca and some other plants... 

Andreae WA, Venis MA, Jursic E, Dumas T (1968) Does ethylene mediate root growth inhibition by indole-3-acetic acid Plant Physiol 43 1375-1379 Anker L (1973) The auxin production of the physiological tip of the Avena coleoptile and the repression of tip regeneration by indoleacetic acid (not by naphthylacetic acid and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid). Acta Bot Neerl 22 221-227 Anker L (1975) Auxin-synthesis inhibition by abscisic acid, and its reversal by gibberellic acid. Acta Bot Neerl 24 339-347... 

Malik CP, Mehan M (1975 b) Interaction between cycocel and gibberellic-acid in pollen-tube elongation of Calotropis procera. Curr Sci 44 785-786 Manos GE (1961) The effects of growth substances on attached and detached root tips of Pisum sativum L. Physiol Plant 14 697-711 Manos PJ, Goldthwaite J (1976) An improved cytokinin bioassay using cultured soybean hypocotyl sections. Plant Physiol 57 894-897 Marinos NG (1960) Some responses of Avena coleoptiles to ethylene. J Exp Bot 11 227-235... 

Mondal MH (1975) Effects of gibberellic acid, calcium, kinetin, and ethylene on growth and cell wall composition of pea epicotyls. Plant Physiol 56 622-625 Morgan PW, Gausman HW (1966) Effects of ethylene on auxin transport. Plant Physiol 41 45-52... 

The formation, presence and activity of the non-volatile plant growth regulators in soil have received far less attention than that focussed on ethylene. Indeed the studies that have been undertaken have been somewhat less rigorous than those on ethylene. One of the major and fundamental differences is the ease of chemical analysis. Ethylene can be determined rapidly and unequivocally by gas chromatography. Determination of the non-volatile hormones usually involves a complex extraction procedure and more sophisticated chemical instrumentation. Even if only one of the gibberellins, gibberellic acid (GA ), were to be determined, it v/ould be desirable to label the material by incorporating -mevalonate, a precursor, into the compound bio-... 

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