Giant Foxtail

The common and troublesome weeds present in these six crops in the 13 Southern states (VA, NC, SC, GA, FL, AL, MS, TN, KY, AR, LA, TX and OK) are regularly surveyed by State Extension Weed Specialists. The most recent survey includes 59 weeds which are common or troublesome in these six field crops (6). Twenty weeds on that list have been implicated as being allelopathic (Table 1) eleven are among the 10 most common in at least one of the six major field crops in the Southern states. Ten of these 11 weeds are considered to be among the 10 most troublesome, usually for the same crop in which it was found to be common. There is one weed [bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers] that is on the most troublesome list for cotton and tobacco, but not on any most common list. Similarly, giant foxtail (Setaria faberi Herrm.) is a common weed in tobacco, but apparently not a troublesome one. 

Giant foxtail Setaria faberi Herrm. tobacco - corn (12) ... 

Perennial plant, Rubus frondosus Giant foxtail, Setaria faberii Earthworm, Lumbricus rubellus Bluegrass, Poa spp. 

Giant foxtail Setaria faberi R. Herrm., wimmera ryegrass Lolium rigidum Gaud. 

Figure 4.4 Giant foxtail (in foreground) was a very visible and competitive weed, particularly when soybean was harvested in the central Great Plains. (Courtesy of Dr. Ellery Knake, Professor Emeritus, University of Illinois.)...

Buhler, D.D. and T.C. Mester (1991). Effect of tillage systems on the emergence depth of giant foxtail (Setaria faberi) and green foxtail (,Setaria viridis). Weed Sci., 39 200-203. 

Schreiber, M.B. (1992). Influence of tillage crop rotation, and weed management on giant foxtail (Setaria faberi) population dynamics and com yield. Weed Sci., 40 645-653. 

Ritter, R.L. (1986). Triazine resistant velvetleaf and giant foxtail control in no-tillage corn. Proc. Northeast Weed Sci. Soc., 40 50-52. 

Ritter and Menbere (1997) have reviewed the history and control of triazine-resistant weeds - especially common lamb s-quarters, smooth pigweed, bamyardgrass, velvetleaf, and giant foxtail - in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. They concluded that the factors influencing the presence of the resistant weeds included lack of crop rotation and lack of herbicide rotation. 

Test Plants. Seeds of the grass Giant Foxtail (Setaria sp.) and the broadleaf Wild Mustard (Brassica kaber) were planted in a mixed soil (7) and bottom-watered until emergence occurred. Top watering was then used for the rest of the test. 

Some plants are allelopathic, which means they inhibit the growth of plants growing nearby. Their roots secrete substances that are toxic to a wide range of other plants. For example, a shallow-plowed cover crop of rye will inhibit the germination of small-seeded plants and weeds. Yellow and giant foxtail, nutsedge, quackgrass, sunflowers, and walnut trees all have allelopathic properties. Keep these rela-... 

Because the repeated annual use of EPTC + dietholate resulted in reduced control of wild proso millet, woolly cupgrass, and shattercane and because conflicting results were obtained with giant foxtail, alternate extenders were evaluated which could increase the performance of EPTC and provide consistent weed control with repeated annual use. Several extenders were provided for evaluation by Stauffer Chemical Company in 1984 and 1985. A review of the efficacy of these extenders is contained in Harvey et.al (4). 

Heinerman lists some other medicinal plants that are allelopathic and may prove to be anticancer agents. These include hackberry (Ailanthus altissima), giant foxtail Setaria faberii), wormwood Artemisia absinthum), black locust (Robinia... 

Log a Cheat grass Giant foxtail Wild mustard... 

Sicklepod Velvetleaf Crabgrass Giant Foxtail Wheat... 

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