Rocks, geology/geochemistry

Peters, S. G. (ed.) (2002). Geology, geochemistry, and geophysics of sedimentary rock-hosted gold deposits in P.R. China. U.S. Geological Survey Open-Pile Repost 02—131, version 1.0, CD-ROM. 

From the above, it is clear that results of performance assessment studies also play an important role in focusing research activities and set priorities of investigation of fundamental PA issues of disposal systems (geological events, rock medhanics, groundwater flow, radionuclide transport, geochemistry). 

Dilppenbecker, S. J. Welte, D. H. Petroleum expulsion from source rocks insights from geology, geochemistry and computerized numerical modelling. Thirteenth World Petroleum Congress, 1992 165-177. 

Fig. 11-13 Volume percent of sedimentary rocks as a function of age. (Modified with permission from A. B. Ronov (1964). On the post-Cambrian geochemical history of the atmosphere and hydrosphere. Geochemistry 5,493-506, American Geological Institute.)...

What are the relative contributions of these two sources Two approaches have been taken. One is to establish the geology and hydrology of a basin in great detail. This has been carried out for the Amazon (Stallard and Edmond, 1981) with the result that evaporites contribute about twice as much sulfate as sulfide oxidation. The other approach is to apply sulfur isotope geochemistry. As mentioned earlier, there are two relatively abundant stable isotopes of S, and The mean 34/32 ratio is 0.0442. However, different source rocks have different ratios, which arise from slight differences in the reactivities of the isotopes. These deviations are expressed as a difference from a standard, in the case of sulfur the standard being a meteorite found at Canyon Diablo, Arizona. 

Shikazono, N. (1999a) Rare earth element geochemistry of Kuroko ores and altered rocks implication for evolution of submarine geothermal system at back-arc basin. Resource Geology Special Issue, 20,... 

Shinozuka, M., Furuno, M. and Mariko, T. (1999) Host rock geochemistry and tectonic setting of volcanogenic massive sulfide Cu deposits Example of the Minamidani deposits, Hyogo prefecture. Resource Geology, 49, 29-41. 

Pearce J.A. 1996, A user s guide to basalt discrimination diagrams. In Wyman, D.A. (ed) Trace Element Geochemistry of Volcanic Rocks Applications for Massive Sulphide Exploration. Geological Association of Canada, Short Course Notes, v.12, p.79-113. 

Ebens, R. J., Shacklette, H. T. (1982). Geochemistry of some Rocks, Mine Spoils, Stream Sediments, Soils, Plants, and Waters in the Western Energy Region of the Conterminous United States. U.S. Geological Survey Prof, Paper No. 1237, Washington, 173 pp. 

Cannon, H.L. 1964. Geochemistry of rocks and related soils and vegetation in the Yellow Cat area, Grand County, Utah, United States Geological Survey Bulletin 1176,127 p. 

Leybourne, M.I., Clark, I.D., Goodfellow, W.D. 2006. Stable isotope geochemistry of ground and surface waters associated with undisturbed massive sulfide deposits constraints on origin and water-rock reactions. Chemical Geology, 231, 300-325. 

ZwANZiG, FI.V., Macek, J.J., McGregor, C.R. 2007. Lithostratigraphy and geochemistry of the high-grade metasedimentary rocks in the Thompson Nickel Belt and adjacent Kisseynew Domain, Manitoba implications for nickel exploration. Economic Geology, 102, 1197-1216. 

Hollings, P., Cooke, D.R., Clark, A. 2005. Regionai geochemistry of Tertiary voicanic rocks in Centrai Chiie impiications for tectonic setting and ore deposit genesis. Economic Geology, 100, 887-904. 

Fyffe, L.R. Pronk, A.G. 1985. Bedrock and surficial geology, rock and till geochemistry in the Trousers Lake area, Victoria County, New Brunswick. New Brunswick Department of Natural Resources Report of Investigation, 20, 74 p. 

Lithium isotope geochemistry is characterized by a difference close to 30%c between ocean water (5 Li + 31%c) and bulk silicate earth with a 8 Li-value of 3.2%c (Seitz et al. 2007). In this respect lithium isotope geochemistry is very similar to that of boron (see p. 45). The isotopic difference between the mantle and the ocean can be used as a powerful tracer to constrain water/ rock interactions (Tomaszak 2004). Figure 2.6 gives an overview of Li-isotope variations in major geological reservoirs. 

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