Genotype variation

O Toole, J.C. Moya, T.B. (1978). Genotypic variation in maintenance of leaf water potential in rice. Crop Science, 18, 873-6. 

The health care needs of racial and ethnic groups are similar in virtually all respects, but in some cases diseases or drug responsiveness based on genotypic variation may correlate with race or ethnicity. Knowing that those variations exist, when to test for them, and when to take them into account in clinical decisions will require research directed at uncovering genotypic differences that correlate with race or ethnicity. 

T. Arao, N. Ae, Genotypic variations in cadmium levels of rice grains, Soil Sci. Plant... 

Recently, genotypic variation in mature cotton fiber surface components, presumably from the cuticle, has been reported [51]. In the cytoplasm, smaller vacuoles coalesce into one large central vacuole leaving only a thin ribbon of cytoplasm between the vacuole membrane and the cellular membrane (plasmalemma). Organelles are distributed in the cytoplasm in a manner that is consistent with a model for cell expansion occurring by intercalation rather than tip growth [52,53]. The random orientation of cell wall polymers in the primary cell wall... 

Young J. R. and Westbroek P. (1991) Genotypic variation in the coccolithophorid species Emiliania huxleyi. Mar. Micropaleontol. 18, 5—23. 

An M, Prately JE, Haig T, Jellett P. 1997. Genotypic variation of plant species to the allelopathic effects of vulpia residues. Aust. J. Exp. Agric. 37 647-60... 

Alcohols are metabolized by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) to aldehydes, which are then substrates for aldehyde dehydrogenase, which can be inhibited by disulfiram. The enhanced sensitivity of some persons to acetaldehyde formed from low doses of ethanol can result from genotypic variations in aldehyde dehydrogenase activity. Ethanol is also metabolized by CYP2E1 once ADH is saturated. 

Acetylation genotypic variations (fast and slow). Drug-induced systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by slow acetylators with hydralazine > procainamide > isoniazid (INH). 

Orally effective, often substituting for quinidine. Metabolized via N-acetyitransferase (genotypic variation) to AT-acetyl procainamide (NAPA), an active metabolite, which prolongs APD. With IV use, this is less likely to occur. 

Used in moderate-to-severe HTN—orally active, metabolized by N-acetyltrarisferase with genotypic variation. 

Genotypic variations in hydroxylation (fast and slow) substrates include ] codeine, debrisoquin, and metoprolol inhibited by haloperidol and quinidine I not inducible. 

Include esterases (genotypic variations re succinylcholine metabolism) and ami-dases (eg, lidocaine). 

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