Genomic family

S Henikoff, JG Hemkoff. Pi otem family classification based on searching a database of blocks. Genomics 19 97-107, 1994. 

RL Tatusov, EV Koonin, DJ Lipman. A genomic perspective on protein families. Science 278 631-637, 1997. 

For the CTX-M family which has been rapidly growing during the last three years genomic data have identified the genome of Kluyvera species as the genetic source of progenitor enzymes (e.g. encoding CTX-Ml, CTX-M2 or CTX-M9). 

Fredriksson R, Lagerstrom MC, Lundin LG et al (2003) The G-protein-coupled receptors in Hie human genome form five main families. Phylogenetic analysis, paralo-gon groups, and fingerprints. Mol Pharmacol 63 1256-1272... 

Hepatitis is acute or chronic inflammation of the liver, which is frequently caused by infection with hepato-tropic viruses. Several forms of viral hepatitis (A, B, C, D, E) are known, which result from infection with viruses belonging to separate virus families, differing in their genomic organization, replication strategies, morphology and modes of transmission. 

Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) catalyze the removal of the acetyl groups from lysines (see Fig. 1). Together with the HATs they are responsible for maintaining the level of histone acetylation throughout the genome. The family of HDAC proteins has been divided into four classes based on phylogenetic analysis and sequence comparison. HDACs of the classes I and II share the same Zn2+-based reaction and are evolutionary related. Class IV HDACs also possess a Zn2+-based reaction... 

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors interfere with the function of tyrosine kinases that catalyze the transfer of the y-phosphate group of ATP to tyrosine residues of protein substrates. Tyrosine kinases can be subdivided into two large families, receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and non-receptor tyrosine kinases (NRTKs see corresponding chapter). The human genome... 

The helicases are enzymes central to life itself. The nature of double-stranded DNA means that before a polymerase can begin to copy the appropriate region of the nucleic acid, the two strands have to be unwound the separation of the two strands is the function of the helicase (Fig. 2). An indication of the significance of this family of enzymes is seen in the so-called Werner syndrome, where the helicase function required in the suppression of inappropriate recombination events is defective and causes genomic instability and cancer (for a review see Cobb and Bjergbaek 2006). 

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