Genetic engineering protein amino acid sequence

I) The primary strueture (amino acid sequence) and the molecular weight of fibreforming proteins can be controlled exactly by genetic engineering. The amino acids need not neces.sarily be those that are found in nature (Tirrell et al., 1997). In the case of polysaccharides (Linton et al., 1991) and polyesters (Steinbiichel, 1991), the yield and/or composition of the polymer can be controlled. 

For almost a decade there was a continuing dispute over the exact nature of insulin s chemical composition until it was finally accepted that the hormone was in fact a protein. Sanger established the amino acid sequence of insulin in 1960, and this led to the complete synthesis of the protein in 1963, and to the elucidation of its three-dimensional structure in 1972. Insulin was the first hormone for which a radioimmunoassay was developed (1978) and the first to be produced by genetic engineering (given to human volunteers in the summer of 1980). 

Biotechnological stability also viewed as the ability of the genetically engineered cell line to resist mutation. Such a mutation may result in a change of the genetic code for a protein, thereby producing a protein with a modified amino acid sequence rather than the desired sequence. 

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