General other ingredients

Elastomeric adhesives typically contain an elastomer and a tackifying or modifying resin as key components, but in general, other ingredients are also included. The formulation of rubber-based adhesives may contain nine, or even more, different components (Table 1). Typical formulations of various types of adhesives are given in Tables 2-5. 

Plasticizers reduce hardness, enhance tack and reduce cost in rubber base adhesive formulations. A plasticizer must be easily miscible and highly compatible with other ingredients in the formulations and with the surfaces to which the adhesive is applied. The compatibility and miscibility of plasticizers can be estimated from the solubility parameter values. Most of plasticizers have solubility parameters ranging between 8.5 and 10.5 hildebrands. However, the high miscibility and compatibility also lead to easier diffusion of the plasticizer to the surface, decreasing the adhesion properties. Therefore, plasticizers should be carefully selected and generally combinations of two or more of them are used. 

Little comprehensive work has been carried out on contact corrosion, but some results on a range of polymers have been reported by Czech workers". In general, plastics that give rise to vapour corrosion (Table 18.18) will also cause contact corrosion. Some qualification is needed to this statement, however, as much depends on the type of contact and the other ingredients in the polymer, e.g. a paint may give good protection to the metal to which it is applied, but the vapour may cause corrosion of adjacent metal items within an enclosed space. 

In most cases, and in all cases found in this book, the cells of the boundaries are themselves inert, and have no interactions with the grid ingredients other than to constrain their movements in certain directions. However, more generally the boundary cells can be constructed to have active properties just like any other ingredient, following rules (see below) that permit joining, breaking,... 

A mix consisting of elastomer and generally only one other ingredient, the proportion of which is much higher than will be present in the final production mix. Masterbatches are used for cleanliness, convenience, accuracy of weighing small quantities of accelerators, etc. Although it... 

Fats are used as ingredients in bakery products because they perform some function. As fats are generally more expensive than most other ingredients, commercial pressure would have eliminated them otherwise. In some cases the function of a fat can be either partially or completely replaced by some other ingredient, typically an emulsifier. 

Wet Process Phosphoric Acid. A production process flow diagram is shown in Figure 8. Insoluble phosphate rock is changed to water-soluble phosphoric acid by solubilizing the phosphate rock with an acid, generally sulfuric or nitric. The phosphoric acid produced from the nitric acid process is blended with other ingredients to produce a fertilizer, whereas the phosphoric acid produced from the sulfuric acid process must be concentrated before further use. Minor quantities of fluorine, iron, aluminum, sUica, and uranium are usually the most serious waste effluent problems. 

Pyrotechnic formulations in general consist of physically intimate mixtures of various combinations of fuels and oxidizers, of which many are in use. The tailoring of the formulation is done by changing the proportions of fuel, oxidizer and other ingredients and also by changing their particle sizes. In addition, additives are used in order to impart special effects to the formulations. 

A drug product is a finished dosage form (e.g., tablet, capsule, or solution) that contains a drug substance, generally, but not necessarily, in association with one or more other ingredients [21 CFR 314.3(b)]. A solid oral dosage form includes tablets, chewable tablets, capsules, and soft gelatin capsules. 

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