Gene therapy thrombosis

Toomey JR, Kratzer KE, Lasky NM et al. (1996) Targeted disruption of the murine tissue factor gene results in embryonic lethality. Blood 88 1583-1587 VassaUi G, Dichek DA (1997) Gene therapy for arterial thrombosis. Cardiovasc Res 35 459-469... 

Although no clear risk factors have been identified, several predictors of venous occlusion in PM/ICD carriers have been reported [55, 56, 59, 61]. These include a history of device upgrades, the presence of temporary endocardial PM wires before implantation of a permanent device, the presence of multiple endocardial leads, retention of severed leads, lead infection, use of dual-coil leads, female hormone therapy, history of venous thrombosis, and gene-based predisposing factors for thrombophilia. In contrast, long-term anticoagulation therapy seems to offer a protective effect. 

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