Gene expression/regulation mediators

In overview, the hypoxia-sensitive expression of each of these kinds of proteins (EPO, PGK, and LDH), and of other glycolytic enzymes appears to be two-step or two-cycle systems (figure 3.14) the first cycles involve the constitutive expression of key hypoxia-sensitive transcription factors such as HIF 1 and Sp3, while the second cycles of gene expression are mediated by these transcription factors and regulate the biosynthesis of EPO, PGK, LDH, other glycolytic enzymes, and other hypoxia-sensitive gene products. 

Zhou, Y.L., Snead, M.L. 2000. Functional antagonism between Msx2 and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha in regulating the mouse amelogenin gene expression is mediated by protein-protein interaction. J. Biol. Chem. 275, 29066-29075. 

Allergy. Figure 5 Glucocorticoids regulate gene expression, resulting in a decrease of cytokine and mediator release. 

Azzi A, Gysin R, Kempna P et al (2004) Vitamin E mediates cell signaling and regulation of gene expression. Ann N YAcad Sci 1031 86-95... 

Repression of cspA after acclimation at low temperatures appears to be mediated by the cold box region and is a possible target site for repressor binding [138]. In addition, CspA itself negatively regulates its own gene expression through the cold box [138, 139]. 

Vitamin D is not strictly a vitamin since it can be synthesized in the skin, and under most conditions that is its major source. Only when sunlight is inadequate is a dietary source required. The main function of vitamin D is in the regulation of calcium absorption and homeostasis most of its actions are mediated by way of nuclear receptors that regulate gene expression. Deficiency—leading to rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults—continues to be a problem in northern latitudes, where sunlight exposure is poor. 

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