Gemini Analyzer

Fig. 2.10 Diagram of the Gemini Analyzer showing the connection of the two matched tubes by the servo valve mechanism.

The final reactant/product mixture was analyzed by a Gemini 300 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometer using CDC13 as a solvent. 

NMR Spectra. [ C]NMR analyses (1024 transients) were obtained using a Gemini 200 MHz spectrometer. Methylated protein samples were analyzed in an 8M urea, 90% DjO solution of 100 mM sodium phosphate which gave a pH meter reading of 8. For the aqueous reactions derivatized proteins were dialyzed against 10 mM HCl and lyophilized prior to the addition of 8M urea. Acetonitrile (30 1) was added to reference peak resonances. 

Characterization method SEM was carried out on a Zeiss DMS 982 Gemini field emission scanning electron microscope at 4.0 kV. TEM was performed using a JEOL 21 OOF electron microscope operated at 200 kV. The UV/Vis absorption spectra were measured using a Shimadzu UV-I650PC spectrophotometer. N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms were obtained on Nova 2000 pore analyzer at 77 K under continuous adsorption condition. The ionic concentration of the solution was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES Varian Co., USA). 

Temperature programmed reduction (TPR), temperature programmed Ar heating (TPAr) and extent of reduction experiments were all performed in a Perkin Elmer thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) Model TGA 7 described elsewhere [22]. H2 chemisorption measurements were eonducted using a flow chemisorption method and apparatus described by Jones and Bartholomew [24]. Activity measurements and high-pressure steam treatments were conducted in a fixed-bed microreactor described elsewhere [22]. A Micromeritics Gemini 2360 surface analyzer was used to measure N2 adsorption at liquid N2 temperature for BET surface area measurements. A Micromeritics Tri-Star 3000 analyzer with N2 adsorption was used to obtain the pore size distribution. 

Scanning Electron Microcopy. Replicas andSBGs were analyzed in a Zeiss Gemini 1530 PEG SEM at 3 -5 kV, at room temperamre, gold-coated, as described above. 

Scanning Electron Microscopy. The epoxy substrates were analyzed in a Gemini 1530 PEG SEM (Zeiss, Gemany) at 3-5 kV, at room temperature, gold-coated as described above. 

Specific surface areas of nanocomposites and metal oxide samples were determined by a Micromeritics gas adsorption analyzer (Gemini type 2375) at 77 0.5 K in liquid nitrogen. Prior to measurements the samples were pretreated in a vacuum at 120 °C for 2 h. The sample vessel was loaded with about 0.1-0.7 g of samples. The adsorption isotherms were analyzed by means of the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) equation. 

NMR-spectra were recorded on a NMR spectrometer Gemini-300 (Varian). The polymers and the degradation products were dissolved in pentafluorophenol or in chloroform and analyzed. Assignments for chemical shifts were performed using MNR-spectra catalogues [1-4]. 

Thermoscientific GeminiTM Analyzer, www. thermoscientific.com/en/product/gemini-ana-lyzer.html 2015. 

Peptides were analyzed on a Phenomenex Gemini 110 A C18 column (3 pm, 4.6 x 50 mm) or a similar Resolux column, with a flow of 1.0 mL/min with a linear gradient with increasing amount of buffer for 10-20 min (buffer A 0.1 % formic acid in H2O buffer B 0.1 % formic acid in CH3CN). 

SEM Topographic SEM images were obtained using a FEG Digital Scanning (DMS 982 Gemini LEO) electron microscope fitted with an EDAX analyzer (Phoenix... 

The SANS spectra of geminis in D2O have also been analyzed [14]. For the oxy8 micelles, calculations have been made for both prolate and oblate models by assuming monodispersity. In the curves of /(0 against Q observed at concentrations less than 3.0 wt%, the peaks arising from the in-termicellar interactions disappeared. For oxy8 sample solutions below the second cmc, therefore, the SANS spectra were analyzed by assuming S (Q) = 1. For those above the second cmc, the so-called rescaled mean spherical approximation (RMSA) procedure for calculation of S (Q) was used [10],... 

The dynamic storage and loss moduli G and G" of PP were measured using Bohlin Gemini 200 Rheometer System with 25 mm diameter parallel plates at 200 °C. The obtained data are shown in Figure 1. The data were then analyzed with a linear regression method using a program developed by the authors. The obtained parameters of the relaxation time spectrum are listed in Table 1. 

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