Gasoline spark ignition engines

The development of the internal combustion engine, in the form of the gasoline spark-ignition engine used in automobiles, has provided society with tremendous mobility over recent decades. Indeed, the benefits to the individual are so strong that in many countries it can be said the car is a key component of modem society. The desired internal combustion reaction is the oxidation of hydrocarbon fuel to carbon dioxide and water, according to Eq. (1) ... 

Figure 94. Emission of CO, HC and NO v at the outlet of a gasoline spark ignition engine as a function of the engine lamlida value, and range of the lambda value in which three different catalytic exhaust aftertreatment concepts for lean burn gasoline engines operate. Adapted from [60].

Figure 6.18.1 Emissions of CO, HCs, and NO , (without catalyst) (a), and fuel consumption and engine output of a gasoline spark ignition engine (b) as a function of A,. Adapted from ErtI, Knoetzinger, and Weitkamp (1999).

Figure 6.18.2 Development of emission control technologies for gasoline spark ignition engines until the end of the 1990s (OC oxygen control). Adapted from Moulijn, Makkee, and Van Diepen (2001 and 2004).

Because combustion is normally initiated by an electric spark, the gasoline engine is also frequently known as a spark-ignition engine. 

Automotive gasoline is essentially a blend of hydrocarbons derived from petroleum and is used to fuel internal combustion, spark-ignition engines. Gasoline contains hundreds of individual hydrocarbons which range from n-butane to Cn hydrocarbons such as methyl naphthalene. 

ASTM D-4806, Standard Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use in Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines. 

Technical Aspects of the Use of Ethanol-Gasoline Blends in Spark Ignition Engines... 

New Gasoline Spark-Ignition and Diesel Compression-ignition Marine Engines (NPRM) Yes 59 FR 55930 EPA 1994n... 

This chapter presents a relatively unbiased evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of methanol/gasoline blends as fuels for spark ignition engines. The emphasis is on the use of these blends as possible fuels for. the existing and near-future U. S. auto population. The evaluation is divided into three basic areas ... 

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