Gases installed coal

Occurrence. Carbon monoxide is a product of incomplete combustion and is not likely to result where a flame bums in an abundant air supply, yet may result when a flame touches a cooler surface than the ignition temperature of the gas. Gas or coal heaters in the home and gas space heaters in industry have been frequent sources of carbon monoxide poisoning when not provided with effective vents. Gas heaters, though properly adjusted when installed, may become hazardous sources of carbon monoxide if maintained improperly. Automobile exhaust gas is perhaps the most familiar source of carbon monoxide exposure. The manufacture and use of synthesis gas, calcium carbide manufacture, distillation of coal or wood, combustion operations, heat treatment of metals, fire fighting, mining, and cigarette smoking represent additional sources of carbon monoxide exposure (105—107). 

Using 2eohte catalysts, the NO reduction takes place inside a molecular sieve ceramic body rather than on the surface of a metallic catalyst (see Molecularsieves). This difference is reported to reduce the effect of particulates, soot, SO2/SO2 conversions, heavy metals, etc, which poison, plug, and mask metal catalysts. ZeoHtes have been in use in Europe since the mid-1980s and there are approximately 100 installations on stream. Process applications range from use of natural gas to coal as fuel. Typically, nitrogen oxide levels are reduced 80 to 90% (37). 

STEAG [Steinkohlen Elektrizitat A.G.] A process for producing both electric power and gas from coal, developed by the German company named. Installed at Leuna, Germany. 

The conversion of natural gas and coal was carried out at the installation with the purpose of generation of synthesis gas with high hydrogen content. 

Operational Behavior of a Gas Dedusting System. Figure 5.22 shows the technical area of a major plant for the production of water gas from coal. The product gas is freed, to a large degree, of suspended dust particles by means of a dust separator and is transported towards the burner of a gas-fired steam boiler. The dust, via an intermediate dust bin, finally falls into the dust trap. For this purpose, valve (1) remains open most of the time while the installation is operational,... 

The capital cost of an IGCC plant for biomass or coal IS in the range of 1,500 to 2,000 per installed kW. A comparable natural gas fire facility costs about 750 to 1,000. The economics of biomass electricity based on IGCC technology depend on the relative cost of natural gas and biomass fuels. Biomass must be lower m cost than gas to pay back the additional capital cost of gas production and cleaning. A 1999 estimate suggestes that the biomass would have to be 3 per million Btiis cheaper than natural gas for biomass to be economical. 

Although manufactured gas was too expensive for space heating, the small quantities necessary for domestic cooking and water heating provided a desirable market, and several local gas companies actively pursued it. Often a second meter was installed for the heating and cooking service, which was charged at a lower price. Manufacturers of coal stoves responded... 

Three major compliance options for SOj emissions available to utilities using coal-fired boilers are to switch fuels, purchase/sell SO, allowances, or install flue gas desulfurization (FGD) technologies. Costs, availability, and impact on boiler operation must be considered when evaluating switching to low-sulfnr coal or natural gas. As more utilities enter the free market to purchase SO, allowances, prices will rise. Therefore, to minimize costs and, at the same time, meet environmental standards, power producers should continuously monitor the tradeoffs among these three options. 

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