Gamma electrical activity

Phenobarbital is the most commonly used anticonvulsant in horses as it has effects at doses lower than those that produce sedahon. It potentiates the actions of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS. Neuronal stabilization by GABA in postsynaptic neurons occurs from increased intracellular chloride conductance, which hyperpolarizes the membrane the overall result is an increase in the seizure threshold and a decrease in the electrical activity of the seizure focus. 

A. Acute overdose. Isoniazid produces acute toxic effects by reducing brain pyridoxal 5-phosphate, which is the active form of vitamin Bg and an essential cofactor for the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase. This results in lower CNS levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), an inhibitory neurotransmitter, which leads to uninhibited electrical activity manifested as seizures. INH may also Inhibit the hepatic conversion of lactate to pyruvate, exacerbating the lactic acidosis from seizures. 

Banford et al. studied the radiation effects on electrical properties of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) at 5 K with the use of a 60Co gamma source and a thermal nuclear reactor [86]. They reported that both the electrical conductivity and the dielectric breakdown strength of LDPE at 5 K were not significantly affected by radiation absorbed doses up to 10s Gy, but an erratic pulse activity under high applied fields was observed in the sample irradiated at 106 Gy. 

Irradiation of water solutions with gamma rays can produce a very active intermediate known as a hydrated electron. This species can react with many different neutral and ionic species in solution. Devise an experiment to check the electrical charge of the hydrated electron. (Problem adapted from M. Boudart, Kinetics of Chemical Processes, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1968, p. 55.)... 

Honey samples were collected mechanically, by extracting honey from combs. Honey types (nectar honey, mixed nectar and honeydew honey, and honeydew honey) were identified on the basis of pollen analyses [34] and electrical conductivity measurements [35] carried out by using a multirange conductivity meter HI 8733 (Hanna Instruments). Radionuclide activity and selected element concentrations in honey were determined by gamma-ray spectrometry and the XRF method. 

Activation analysis methodology is quite similar to other instrumental analysis methods that use energy sources of either light, heat, X rays, or electricity to irradiate a material to bring about the emission of characteristic radiations. The detection and measurement of these radiations can then be used to indicate the amount of an elemental species in the material. Activation analysis requires a source of nuclear particles, such as neutrons, charged particles, or gamma rays, to bombard (or irradiate) the sample material to make it radioactive. 

---