Gadolinium titanate

The second most abundant crystalline compound (estimated volume fraction 0.1) was gadolinium titanate, Gd2Ti20y. There is evidence that U, Zr, Y, and possibly Sm and Eu are in solid solution with this gadolinium phase. Elemental silicon crystals remaining in the waste were found to be surrounded by Si02. 

Sprague JJ, Tuller HL (1999) Mixed ionie and electronie ctmduction in Mn/Mo doped gadolinium titanate. J Em Ceram Soc 19 803-806... 

In addition to fluorite structure electrolytes such as stabilised zirconia and ceria, there are many non-fluorite structure oxides which are potentially attractive for SOFC electrolyte application. These include perovskites like lanthanum gallate and to a lesser degree calcium titanate. Alternative oxides are the pyrochlores such as yttrium zirconate (YZr207)and gadolinium titanate (Gd2Ti207) [49,50], but these are only suitable in very limited oxygen pressure ranges. Therefore, the main discussion here focuses on the perovskites. 

The Glass and Ceramics Institute of the Spanish CSIC carried out an analytical study of new materials used in structural and electrical ceramics, the stoichiometries and impurity contents of which were highly interesting because of their influence on the physico-chemical properties and service response of the pieces [24]. The specific materials studied were tetragonal zirconia stabilized with ceria and yttria (Y-TZP/Ce) lead titanate modified with gadolinium and doped with manganese (Gd-PT) and lead titanate-zirconate modified with lanthanum (PLZT). The first is a structural ceramic and the other two are electrical ceramics. 

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