GABA breakdown

Valerian Sesquiterpenes GABA release and reversal of uptake Inhibition of GABA breakdown... 

It should be noted that in addition to the GABA(A)-R benzodiazepine-binding sites or central benzodiazepine Rs (CBZ-Rs) there are peripheral benzodiazepine Rs (PBZ-Rs) associated with the outer membrane of mitochondria in glial cells and cells of peripheral tissue and which are involved in cholesterol transport and hence in regulation of steroid hormone synthesis. The GABA(B)-Rs are metabotropic and coupled via heterotrimeric G proteins to Ca2+ and K+ channels (Chapter 5). The psychotropic GABA breakdown product y-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) also acts via heterodimeric G protein-linked receptors (see Chapter 5). 

Alanine occupies a central role in intermediary metabolism, primarily as the metabolic breakdown product of pyrimidine (uracil, cytidine) metabolism [7]. Increases in /1-alanine may also be detected in hyper-/ -alaninemia, GABA-T deficiency (see above), and putative combined semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency... 

Sodium valproate (valproic acid) (Epilim) acts by inhibiting GABA transaminase, the enzyme responsible for the breakdown of the inhibitory... 

Some of the monoamine oxidase inhibitors prolong the hexobarbitone sleeping time in mice, probably because they inhibit barbiturate breakdown by the liver microsomes . An anticonvulsive action has also been reported . The fact that the hydrazine derivatives interact with pyridoxal phosphate and can thus inhibit GABA formation may explain why some of the inhibitors of this type sometimes have a convulsive action also. 

Inhibition of enzymatic breakdown of GABA GABA transaminase catalyzes pyridoxal-dependent transamination of GABA to succinic semialdehyde. The enzyme can be inhibited by a variety of compounds [e.g., y-vinyl GABA (Vigabatrin)]. 

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