Saprophytic fungus

Moder-pilz, m. mold fungus, saprophytic fungus. -stein, m. rottenstone. -stoff, m. rotted material, specif, humiis. 

Abe, M. Isolation and Properties of an Alkaloid Agroclavine Produced by Ergot Fungus in Saprophytic Culture. Annu. Rep. Takeda Res. Lab. 10, 145 (1951). 

T. reesei, a saprophytic fungus, is capable of utilizing a variety of carbohydrates. Yet, only a few carbohydrates induce cellulase production. Inducers include cellulose, cellulose derivatives, lactose, and sophorose (31,32). Mandels and Reese (31,32) studied the inducibility of various sugars and found that sophorose is an excellent cellulase inducer in T. reesei while having little effect in other fungi or bacteria. On further examination they found that trace amounts of sophorose present in glucose caused the apparent ability of glucose to be a cellulase inducer in T. reesei. 

Plectasin, peptide antibiotic with therapeutic potential from a saprophytic fungus... 

Mygind, P.H. et al. 2005. Plectasin is a peptide antibiotic with therapeutic potential from a saprophytic fungus. Nature 431, 975-980. 

In saprophytic cultures of the Pennisetum ergot fungus, only tryptophan, deuterated in the 5 or 6 position, was used for the synthesis of the clavine alkaloids without loss of the deuterium. Deuterium in the 4 position was lost. These experiments showed that the hypotheses, according to which 5-hydroxytryptophan would be an intermediate stage in the biosyntheses (126, 127), could not be correct (128). 

The addition of mevalonic acid-l-C14 to a pyroclavine- and festuclavine-producing fungus strain yielded inactive alkaloids which, in agreement with the scheme, showed that the carboxyl group of the mevalonic acid is not incorporated. Lowering of the assimilation of mevalonic acid-2-C14 by the addition of dimethylallylpyrophosphate or isopentenylpyrophos-phate supported the assumption that mevalonic acid enters the alkaloid molecule via one of these activated isoprene radicals. This was confirmed by the incorporation of deuterated isopentenylpyrophosphate in alkaloids of the clavine type in saprophytic cultures of a Claviceps strain (128). 

Rosen, S., Sjollema, K. S., Veenhuis, M. Tunlid, A. (1997). A cytoplasmic lectin produced by the fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora functions as a storage protein during saprophytic and parasitic growth. Microbiology, 143, 2593-604. 

Aureobasidium pullulans, a common dimorphic endophyte of grapevine [305] and saprophyte on plant leaves, occurs in addition as an allergenic fungus [297, 307] and as a rare opportunistic pathogen in humans, where it caused keratitis, pulmonary infection, systemic infections, cutaneous infection, peritonitis, and invasive mycosis in an AIDS patient [80]. Complete 18S as well as partial 26 S rDNA sequences corroborate a relationship of Aureobasidium species with Dothideales (fig. 3) [16, 89, 300]. 

PRIMARY INFECTIONS. In the saprophytic phase (sexual reproduction) the development of the fungus starts with the fall of the leaves in autumn. The hyphae start to proliferate through the entire leaf and grow towards each other. Sex organs are developed and rudimentary perithecia are formed. After a dormant phase in the winter, the perithecia and the ascospores which they contain start to mature in the spring. Maturation is accelerated by warm wet weather, and slowed down by dry or cold weather. 

Caesar-TonThat T. C. and Cochran V. L. (2000) Soil aggregate stabilization by a saprophytic lignin-decomposing basidio-mycete fungus I. Microbiological aspects. Biol. Fertility Soils 32(5), 374-380. 

The stinkhom fungus (Phallus inpudicus) is a saprophyte that grows up out of the forest floor. This species is also sometimes known as the dog s-penis or deviTs-penis, because of the anatomically-correct shape of the mushroom, and in the case of the latter name, it s terrible smell. 

In a few specialized cases, saprophytic species of orchids rely entirely on their mycorrhizal fungus to provide them with organic nutrition, which is obtained by tapping into the decomposer food web of the forest floor. 

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