Functional groups, classification

Flammability Timits. Some 1358 compounds selected from the DIPPR Compilation Pile (Peimsylvania State University, 1991 Ref. 4) have been fit for upper and lower flammabiHty limits (227). Average errors reported were 0.266% (volume) and 0.06% (volume) for upper and lower flammabiHty limits, respectively. A detailed analysis by functional group classification is included that identifies classifications with high error for several methods. 

Crippen s book (10) gives an extensive compilation of the techniques of organic compound identification with the assistance of GC. It includes a step-by-step account of the preliminary examination, physical property measurements, and functional group classification tests. 

Choose the response that matches the correct functional group classification with the following group of structural formulas. 

Functional group classification Organic carrier solvent... 

Table 3.13 Organic compounds functional group classification by their aquaphilicity...

Skill 29.1 Identify the functional group classification and nomenclature of organic compounds and the general characteristics and reactions of each group. 

You can see from the preceding analysis how positive and negative information may be utilized in determining the identity of an unknown substance. Of particular note is the importance of the functional group classification tests, which must be done carefully and thoroughly in order to exclude the possible presence of all groups other than the keto group in the unknown. 

FUNCTIONAL GROUP CLASSIFICATION EXAMPLE CHAPTER FUNCTIONAL GROUP CLASSIFICATION... 

An unequivocable identification of an unknown component is unlikely by the chromatographic process alone. Not the least of the reasons for this is the need for the comparisons of standards, thereby assuming reasonable prior assurance of the possible identity of the unknown. Certainly the more discrete pieces of information obtainable concerning an unknown compound, the easier it will be to obtain confident identification. Microchemical tests such as functional group classification, boiling point, elemental analysis, and derivative information, as well as infrared spectroscopy, coulometry, flame photometry, and ultraviolet (UV)-visible spectroscopy are also useful aids when used in conjunction with gas chromatographic data. 

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