Functional groups synthesis

This approach involves intermolecular cyclization of two six-membered heterocycles substituted with appropriate functional groups. Synthesis of 83 by the reaction between 2-aminopyridines and 3-ethoxycarbonyM-pipcridonc hydrochloride 82 in polyphosphoric acid is provided as an example (Equation 5) <1996T7789>. 

Fluorinated Polymers with Functional Groups Synthesis and Applications. Langmuir-Blodgett Films from Functional Fluoropolymers... 

In this account, an overview of the methods employed for the synthesis of conjugated dienes and polyenes is presented. Dienes and polyenes with isolated double bonds are excluded, as they are accessed through methods usually employed for alkene synthesis. Oligomerizations and polymerization reactions leading to polyenes are also not covered. Synthesis of 1,2-dienes, i.e. allenes, is excluded from the purview as there is a volume in the present series devoted to this functional group. Synthesis of heterodienes, conjugated enol ethers, [n]-annulenes and related compounds are also not covered here. However, enynes, dienynes and enediynes syntheses have been included in a few cases in view of their emerging importance. 

Lane, C. F. (1975). Sodium cyanoborohydride—A highly selective reducing agent for organic functional groups. Synthesis 135-146. 

Unsubstituted sulphamide NH2S02NH2 has recently been reported to be useful in functional group synthesis. Reaction of sulphamide with acid chlorides leads to a one-pot synthesis of nitriles 402378 (equation 132). The reaction is successful for a large variety of aliphatic and aromatic acid chlorides with electron-withdrawing and electron-donating substituents. Sterically hindered as well as heterocyclic nitriles are also obtained in high yields. The reaction is considered to proceed via the iV-acylsulphamide, which is further enolized and cleaved to yield the nitrile 402 and sulphamic acid. 

Economy of reactions Joining monomers to make macromolecules is economical if the monomers can be joined by the same chemistry. If the monomers contained different functional groups, synthesis of each polymer would require a different kind of catalyst for each monomer added to the chain. Clearly, it is more economical to use a generic catalyst to put together each of the many monomers required for synthesis. 

M. Deng, J. Wu, C.A. Reinhart-King, C.C. Chu, Biodegradable functional polyfester amide)s with pendant hydroxyl functional groups synthesis, characterization, fabrication and in vitro cellular response, Acta Biomater. 7 (2011) 1504—1515. 

Lane, C.F Sodium Cyanoborohydride, a Highly Selective Reducing Agent for Organic Functional Groups. Synthesis, (3), 135 (1975). 

Rutnakompituk, M. Modification of epoxy-novolac resins with polysiloxane containing nitrile functional groups synthesis and characterization. Eur. Polym. J.. 2005, 41, 1043. 

Orban JM, Chapman TM, Wagner WR, et al. Easily grafted polyurethanes with reactive main chain functional groups. Synthesis, characterization, and antithromboge-nicity of poly(ethylene glycol)-grafted poly(urethanes). J Polm Sci A Polm Chem 1999 37(17) 3441-8. 

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