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From Chaotropic to Kosmotropic Ions

In dilute solutions the anions are ordered as follows, from chaotropic to [Pg.173]

The corresponding series for the cations, but reversed (from kosmotropic to chaotropic) is  [Pg.173]

The ions listed in (5.1) and (5.2) are selected to be the same that are listed in the Hofmeister series dealt with in Sect. 5.2, but not necessarily in exactly the same order. Chapter 3 should be consulted for the details concerning the effects of ions on the structure of water in dilute solutions. [Pg.173]

The question now arises, whether the biophysical phenomena ascribed to the ions being classified as chaotropic or kosmotropic indeed result from the effects the ions have on the structure of water or from other causes. This problem should be judged on the premise that water stmcture effects of ions are manifested in dilute homogeneous solutions. In fact, few biophysical phenomena take place in such solutions, since biomolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids tend to be large and colloidal, and when dispersed in water may form micro-heterogeneous domains. [Pg.173]

Whereas 1-propanol is salted-out by all the flve salts studied in (Miki et al. 2008), /triP 0, the abilities of salts to salt-out or salt-in hydrophobic solutes is not simply related to the kosmotropic or chaotropic properties of their constituent ions. Note, for instance, the position of h for Li+ for the salting out of hydrophobic gases or benzene in Table 2.6. Whereas salting-out can generally be explained quantitatively by the electrostriction caused by the ions (Sect. 2.5.1), except in the case of Li+, salting-in is more difficult to explain and is often due to direct interactions between the ions and the solute, which possibly but not necessarily are water-mediated. [Pg.174]


See other pages where From Chaotropic to Kosmotropic Ions is mentioned: [Pg.172]    [Pg.173]    [Pg.175]   


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