Franks camera

The Franks camera allows the resolution of features in excess of 60 nm with a point focus [2]. However, with this camera lower levels of monochromaticity are achieved than with a Guinier. As shown in Fig. 9, the... 

Franks camera produces a point source image by reflection off two curved surfaces. 

Figure 10. A top view of the Huxley-Holmes camera. A curved crystal monochromator replaces the first glass reflector of the Franks camera.

Franks A, Breakwell PR (1974) Developments in optically focusing reflectors for small angle x-ray scattering cameras. J Appl Cryst 7 122... 

High collimation cameras of the Franks, Eliott, - and Bonse-Hart types make use of total reflection of the X-rays at a glancing angle for collimation. These provide higher resolution with less intensity loss than the Kratky system for studies of spacings above about 1000 A. 

This camera (see Fig. 10) uses a cross between the Franks and Guinier optics [3]. The monochromator crystal is used to select K i and focuses the beam in the horizontal direction. The glancing incidence mirror focuses rays in the orthogonal direction. This camera can resolve repeat spacings beyond the 100 nm mark. This camera is not commercially available, although component parts can be purchased. For those with the... 

Where a more intense spot focus of fairly monochromatic X-radiation is required than is available in either a Franks or a mirror-monochromator camera, an Elliott toroid camera can be used [4]. This camera uses a gold-coated mirror distributed on a toroidal surface, as shown in Fig. 11, to bring an anulus of X-radiation to a focus. 

A camera with similarities to the Franks and Guinier cameras is due to Kratky and... 

Frank Low and Fred GiUett contributed greatly to the initial development of this project, especially the implementation of the prototype camera at Kitt PeakI R. M. Light (IPAC) did the analysis for Figure 2. This project has been supported by the Air Force Phillips Laboratory, NASA, NSF, the United States Navy, and the University of Massachusetts. 

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