Founder, analysis

H. G. J. Moseley, Phil. Mag. [6], 26, 1024 (1913). The following remarkable quotation from this paper (p. 1030) supports Moseley as the founder of x-ray emission spectrography The prevalence of lines due to impurities suggests that this may prove a powerful method of chemical analysis. Its advantage over ordinary spectroscopic methods lies in the simplicity of the spectra and the impossibility of one substance masking the radiation from another. It may even lead to the discovery of missing elements, as it will be possible to predict the position of their characteristic lines. ... 

The principal idea of Volkenshtein, the founder of electronic theory of chemisorption, was that chemisorbed particle and solid body form a unified quantum mechanical system. During the analysis of such systems one should account for the change in electronic state of both adparticle and the adsorbent itself [9]. In other words, in this case adsorption provides for a chemical binding of molecules with adsorbent. 

Microprocessors, computers and robots are in themselves only subsets of the general field of automation. When the journal of Automatic Chemistry was launched in 1979, one of my fellow founders, Professor Howard Malmstadt, suggested that it would be many years before the journal would be understood in the USA. This, he believed, was because the term computing was generally considered synonymous with automation . The reahty that sample preparation was often the major bottleneck in analysis was ignored. More recently, robotics have found considerable favour, and, again, the term automation has been confused to refer to robotics and nothing else. 

Robert Boyle, 1627-1691. British chemist and physicist famous for his researches on gases, his an pump, his early experiments on the mechanical origin of heat, and his independent dis-covery of phosphorous. One of the founders of quantitative analysis See also ref. (59), (SS), and (89)... 

Steven M. Sandler is the founder of AEi Systems, LLC, the world leader in SPICE modeling and worst case circuit analysis since 1995. He has developed and taught courses at Motorola University and has published many books and articles on circuit simulation for McGraw-Hill and Power Electronics, PCIM, and PEIN magazines. 

We specially acknowledge the contribution of A.N. Gorban. His ideas on thermodynamic analysis of equilibrium irreversible trajectories and model engineering in general along with the works of the thermodynamics founders make up the base for our studies. Alexander Gorban has immediately inspired translation of this chapter into English and fostered invaluable its submission for publication. 

Much of the analysis involved small samples and, as a result, Hadfield became a pioneer in the development of micro-analytical measurements.15 In the 1930s, she was a founder member of the Microchemical Club. She retired with the rank of Principal Scientific Officer in 1953 in order to look after her elderly father. After his death, she went to live with a friend in Hampshire where she stayed until her own death in February 1965. 

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