Folds phenol treatment

Several properties of hepatic microsomal AHH activity were compared in control and DBA-pretreated male little skates as shown in Table I. Following treatment there was an approximately 35-fold increase in specific enzyme activity, as quantitated by fluorescence of the phenolic metabolites formed (3, 21). The pH optimum, which was fairly broad, and the concentration of benzo(a)-pyrene (0.06 mM) that had to be added to the incubation mixture to achieve maximum enzyme activity were the same for both control and induced skate hepatic microsomes. The shorter periods observed for linearity of product formation with microsomes from the induced skates is thought to be related to the much higher AHH activity present, and may be due to substrate depletion or the formation of products which are inhibitory (i.e., compete with the MFO system as they are substrates themselves). A similar explanation may be relevant for the loss of linear product formation at lower microsomal protein concentrations in the induced animals. 

Hepatic Effects. An increase in serum iron, which may reflect an adverse liver effect, was observed in workers exposed for 6 months to phenol in a wood treatment liquid (Baj et al. 1994). Elevated concentrations of hepatic enzymes in serum, and an enlarged and tender liver suggestive of liver injury, were reported in an individual who had been exposed repeatedly to phenol vapor for 13.5 years (Merliss 1972). Since phenol was also spilled on his clothes resulting in skin irritation, dermal and inhalation exposures were involved. A 2-fold increase in serum bilirubin was observed in a man who was accidentally splashed with a phenol solution over his face, chest wall, hand, and both arms (Horch et al. 1994). Changes in liver enzymes were not observed in persons exposed to phenol in drinking water for several weeks after an accidental spill (Baker et al. 1978). This study is not conclusive because the measurements were completed 7 months after the exposure. 

An alternative approach to the same diamines includes interaction of bis-phenols with two-fold molar amounts of TNB [23] followed with the treatment of the tetranitrocompounds thus formed with phenol and reduction of the dinitrocompounds (Scheme 4.11). 

Polynaphthylimide with iV-naphthylimide orfho-sutetituents was prepared by the reaction of 3,3 -diamino-4,4 -di(p-aminophenoxy) diphenyl sulfone [164] with an equimolar amount of bis(naphthalic anhydride) followed by treatment with a two-fold molar amount of naphthalic anhydride in a m-cr ol-benzoic acid medium under the conditions of high-temperature catalytic polycondensation. The polymer was soluble in phenolic, amide solvents as well as in tetrachloroethane its molecular mass was of the order of 60 000, the softening temperature 340 °C and the temperature of 10 % mass loss 480 °C (Table 16). 

Make up chemical oxidizing agents very occasionally and only for detoxication or polishing treatments (traces of a few milligrams per liter of CN" or phenols). Consumption is never limited to the hannfiil compound alone, other copollutants O2 demand can increase the stoichiometry five or ten fold (see Chapter 5). 

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