Folding patterns Volume

Whereas the formulation of a preparation determines the pattern of absorption and influences systemic availability of the drug, the volume of the preparation deposited in muscle and the vascularity of the injection site determines the rate of absorption. The barrier to absorption is the capillary endothelium, which most drugs readily penetrate by passive diffusion, although small water-soluble molecules may enter capillaries by bulk flow through intercellular pores in the endothelial membrane. Aqueous channels (pores) in the capillary endothelium are approximately 10-fold... 

Volume and location of an intravitreal injection can impact the patterns of ocular distribution and elimination. Friedrich et al. demonstrated a substantial effect of both on vitreal distribution and elimination of fluorescein and fluorescein glucuronide (252), with evaluation of four extreme positions and two injection volumes, 15 or 100 pL. The mean drug concentration remaining in the vitreous 24 hours postdose varied up to 3.8-fold with injection position, and increasing injection volume reduced this effect. 

Lung volume increases approximately 10-fold between 1 month and 7 years (Table 1), but it then slows down until the age of 18 years (Fig. 9). The associated increase in elastic recoil pressure combined with a progressive decrease in closing volume will affect patterns of aerosol distribution and may... 

Similar complex structmes, characterized as folded sheets or bent walls, have been observed in optical microscopy experiments of ferrofluid emulsions at high ramping rates of the magnetic field [288]. When viewed along the field direction they form a labyrinthine pattern whose complexity increases with ceU thickness, particle volume fraction and ramping rate [288]. 

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