Soxhlet extraction focused microwave-assisted FMASE

Focused Microwave assisted Soxhlet Extraction (FMASE) Water is used as the extractant in the application of focused microwaves to enhance the extraction. (9)... 

New developments in Soxhlet extraction have been applied to the analysis of PAHs in soils and sediments. " Focused Microwave-Assisted Soxhlet Extraction (FMASE) uses focused microwave irradiation to achieve agitation in the sample. The application of microwaves drastically reduces extraction time ( 1 h) and solvent use. Recoveries of PAHs were reported to be 11 to 101 % in the extraction step and no filtering was necessary prior to analysis. 

The improvements in Soxhlet extractions are high-pressure Soxhlet extraction (HPS), automated Soxhlet extraction (Soxhlet HT and Buchi B811) and focused microwave-assisted Soxhlet extraction (Soxwave and FMASE) as shown by Luque de Castro MD and Garcia-Ayuso in 1998. The solvents used for extraction are polar species (dimethyl formamide,... 

LLE liquid-liquid extraction SPE solid-phase extraction SPM solid-phase microextraction MAE microwave-assisted extraction SEE supercritical fluid extraction FMASE focused microwave-assisted Soxhlet extraction PSDB polystyrene-divinylbenzene NVPDB A-vinylpyrrolidane-divinylbenzene SPE solid-phase extraction LLE liquid-liquid extraction GPC gel permeation chromatography OPA f -phthalaldehyde reagent TAD thermally assisted desorption FI flow injection... 

Two main types of MAE systems are commercially available, in both cases agitation is provided during extraction to improve the mass transfer phenomenon. In closed extraction vessels, extraction is performed under controlled pressure and temperature. In focused microwave-assisted solvent extraction (FMASE), only a part of the extraction vessel containing the sample is irradiated with microwaves. Instrumental setups like Soxwave combine both the features of Soxhlet and the advantages of microwave, thus making extraction an even more attractive alternative to traditional solid—liquid extraction. 

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