Fluorocarbon oils

As an excellent barrier resin, PTEE is widely used in the chemical industry. However, it is a poor barrier for fluorocarbon oils because similarity in the chemical composition of a barrier and a permeant increases permeation. Most Hquids and gases (other than fluorocarbons) do not permeate highly crystalline PTFE. Permeabilities at 30deg C (in mol/(m-s-Pa) X 10 ) are as follows CO2, 0.93 N2, 0.18 He, 2.47 anhydrous HCl, <0.01 (89). 

Fluorocarbon soHds are rare in defoamer compositions, presumably on account of their cost. SoHd fluorine-containing fatty alcohols and amides are known. The most familiar fluorocarbon soHd is polytetrafluoroethylene [9002-84-0]. Because it is more hydrophobic than siHcone-treated siHca, it might be expected to perform impressively as a defoamer component (14). However, in conventional hydrocarbon oil formulations it works poorly because the particles aggregate strongly together. In lower surface tension fluids such as siHcone and fluorocarbon oils, the powdered polytetrafluoroethylene particles are much better dispersed and the formulation performs weU as a defoamer. 

The same products are obtained more safely by reacting gaseous CIF3 with a suspension of NH4F or NH4HF2 in a fluorocarbon oil. 

An explosion occurred when chlorine trifluoride was being bubbled through the fluorocarbon oil at —4°C. Moisture (snow) may have fallen into the mixture, reacted exothermally with the trifluoride and initiated the mixture. 

On the other hand, when the fluorocarbon surfactant(NF and LiFOS) concentrations were increased, even at concentrations above their CMC, the fluorescence intensity remained constant and the maximum excitation and emission wavelengths also remained constant. Further, the fluorescence intensity and the maximum excitation and emission wavelength of ANS in the fluorocarbon surfactant solutign were the same as those in water. The C C of NF was about 6x10 mole/1 and that of LiFOS was about 5x10 mole/1. These CMCs were determined by surface tension measurements. ANS was found to be insoluble in fluorocarbon oil, supporting the results showing that ANS is not solubilized into fluorocarbon surfactant. 

In tests of materials saturated with liq oxygen and subjected to 71-75 lb drop weight tests, the following were found acceptable (one de-tonation/40 impacts or none/20) fluorocarbon oils greases, graphite, halogenated biphenyl molybdenum disulfide lubricants, polyethylene... 

Absorption Spectrum of 7RbF 6PaF4. Tetravalent protactinium should have a 5f electron and show discrete optical absorption. This is demonstrated in Table II which shows the absorption spectrum characteristic of tetravalent protactinium. The spectrum was obtained from a mull in a Fluorocarbon oil, held between CaF2 flats. A Cary 14 MR spectrophotometer was used. 

Phenols, m-cresol, concentrated mineral acids, formic acid Ethanolamine, dioxane, chlorinated hydrocarbons, cyclohexanone Dichlorobenzene, pentachloroethylene, dichloroethylene, tetralin Cresol, concentrated sulfuric acid, chlorophenol, trichloroacetic acid Dichlorobenzene, DMF, chlorophenol, benzyl alcohol Aromatic and chlorinated hydrocarbons, pyridine, ethyl acetate, dioxane, chloroform, acetone Fluorocarbon oil... 

Cady, G. H., U. S. Atomic Energy Comm., MDDC-944 (1943). Preparation and Properties of Fluorocarbon Oils, Waxes, and Resins. 

Examples of liquid-in-gas dispersions are the mist, the clouds, and other aerosols. Liquid-in-liquid dispersions are the emulsions. At room temperature there are only four types of mutually immiscible liquids water, hydrocarbon oils, fluorocarbon oils, and liquid metals — Mercury (Hg) and gallium (Ga). Many raw materials and products in food and petroleum industries exist in the form of oil in water or water in oil emulsions. The soil and some biological tissues can be considered liquid-in-solid dispersions. 

Fig. 5. Platinum hydrofluorination apparatus (88). A, platinum spheres with filter disks of sintered platinum B, brass needle valves C, stainless steel block clamps D, platinum reactor E, platinum vessel F, to manifold O, furnace H, plastic bubbler with fluorocarbon oil.

Chromosorb T is a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) support material. It is inert and hydrophobic and therefore suitable for analysis of small polar molecules such as water, organic acids, phenols, amines and acidic gases (HF, HCl, SO2, NO c). Chromosorb T can be coated with stationary phases such as polyethylene glycol, Apiezon or a fluorocarbon oil (Kel-F, Fluoropak-80) but can be difficult to pack. 

Figure 6a. 3T3-L1 mouse fibroblasts are shown at fluorocarbon oil-water interfaces 16 h after inoculation. In this photograph, where the cells have not spread but have clustered together in spheroids, the oil received no additive. Continued on next page.

Figure 6b. Mechanical properties of adsorbed BSA layers at a fluorocarbon oil-water interface as a function of the log of the surface concentration of PFBC (0 surface fracture point , surface shear modulus).

Fluorocarbon oil (perfluoropjaraffin) With C-F absorption of different intensity in 1400-1500 cm-i... 

Fig. 1. Load decay curve. Sample fluorocarbon oil impregnated asbestos and rubber.

A patent by Camp and MaclCenzie, remarkable for its claims of unusual combinations in unusual form, concerns fluid mixtures of metal alloys such as Li/Mg/Al with fluorocarbon oils, which, dropped on a hot surface, react with evolution of 1.2 to 2.3 kcal/g mixture without appreciable gaseous by-products. The reactions proceed with formation of the fluorides and chlorides of the fuel metals and of carbon. The reactivity of fluorinated organic compounds is something rather new in pyrochemistry and extends also to the explosives field, as evident from a patent by Gey and Van Dolah. ... 

Polytetrafluoroethylene is linear and highly crystalline. Absence of terminal CF2=CF-groups shows that few, if any, polymerization terminations occur by disproportionation but probably all take place by combination. The molecular weights of commercially available polymers range from 39,000-9,000,000. Polytetrafluoroethylene is inert to many chemical attacks and is only swollen by fluorocarbon oils at temperatures above 300 °C. The Tm value of this polymer is 327 °C and 7g is below -100 °C. 

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