Fluoride oxidation

Mendeleef based his original table on the valencies of the elements. Listed in Tables 1.6 and 1.7 are the highest valency fluorides, oxides and hydrides formed by the typical elements in Periods 3 and 4. 

The pH of a freshly prepared 0.4% solution of stannous fluoride is between 2.8 and 3.5. Initially clear aqueous solutions become cloudy on standing owing to hydrolysis and oxidation. The insoluble residue is a mixture containing stannous and stannic species, fluoride, oxide, oxyfluorides, and hydrates. 

Some properties of selected vanadium compounds are Hsted in Table 1. Detailed solubiUty data are available (3), as are physical constants of other vanadium compounds (4). Included are the lattice energy of several metavanadates and the magnetic susceptibiUty of vanadium bromides, chlorides, fluorides, oxides, and sulfides (5). 

The ionic bond is the most obvious sort of electrostatic attraction between positive and negative charges. It is typified by cohesion in sodium chloride. Other alkali halides (such as lithium fluoride), oxides (magnesia, alumina) and components of cement (hydrated carbonates and oxides) are wholly or partly held together by ionic bonds. 

A large number of electrolytic treatments of magnesium, anodic or a.c., have been developed, in which adherent white or grey films consisting of fluoride, oxide, hydroxide, aluminate or basic carbonate are deposited from alkaline solutions containing caustic alkali, alkali carbonates, phosphates, pyrophosphates, cyanides, aluminates, oxalates, silicates, borates, etc. Some films are thin, and some are relatively thick. All are more or less absorbent and act as good bases for paint, though none contributes appreciable inhibition. All can, however, absorb chromates with consequent improvement of protective efficiency. 

The reason for the ultramicrochemical test was to establish whether the bismuth phosphate would carry the plutonium at the concentrations that would exist at the Hanford extraction plant. This test was necessary because it did not seem logical that tripositive bismuth should be so efficient in carrying tetrapositive plutonium. In subsequent months there was much skepticism on this point and the ultramicrochemists were forced to make repeated tests to prove this point. Thompson soon showed that Pu(Vl) was not carried by bismuth phosphate, thus establishing that an oxidation-reduction cycle would be feasible. All the various parts of the bismuth-phosphate oxidation-reduction procedure, bulk reduction via cross-over to a rare earth fluoride oxidation-reduction step and final isolation by precipitation of plutonium (IV) peroxide were tested at the Hanford concentrations of... 

Hydrogen fluoride Oxides Sodium nitrate Arsenic trioxide, etc. 

Fig. 4. Relative stabilities of Group IV fluoride oxidation states. 

Pickling Gases, mists hydrochloric acid, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, oxides of nitrogen, sulfuric acid... 

From the constructions of Figs. 3.2 and 3.3, it is clear that a large electrolyte stability window Eg requires not only a large energy difference m — i, but also the absence of any cationic states above the top of the bonding anion-p band. It follows that most practical electrolytes are generally confined to fluorides, oxides and chlorides of the main-group... 

Very little is known about chlorine fluoride oxide radicals. Although the formation of the FClOs" radical anion in the reaction of FCIO3 with nucleophilic agents has been postulated (286), it has not been isolated and characterized. 

Synonyms Chlorine fluoride oxide chlorine oxyfluoride trioxychlorofluoride... 

Chlorine fluoride, 21 235, 236, 238, 240, 242, 244, 246, 247, 249 geometry of, 18 320-322 oxygenation of, 18 349 oxygen-containing, 21 245 Chlorine fluoride oxide radicals, 18 385, 386 Chlorine hydroxide, 5 219 Chlorine isotope, half-life determination, 2 ... 

Examples of weight loss or weight gain processes are water desorption, structural water release, structural decomposition, carbonate decomposition, gas evolution, sulfur oxidation, fluoride oxidation, rehydration, and other transformations. 

Since BF3 is a gas, the significance of boron compounds as fuels with fluoride oxidizers particularly changes for the better. 

Sulfur tetrafluoride oxide is the only stable sulfur fluoride or sulfur fluoride oxide that is not commercially available, although its value is increasing in synthetic chemistry. It was first made by burning SOF2 in elemental fluorine,1... 

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